Ino ncinzi cakacitika akaambo kankondo yabuvwubi yaku USA a China?

（Yakasimbwa kuzwa mubbuku lyamakani lya Oriental Finance Magazine, lyakalembwa a Yan Ansheng, mweendelezi wabili wa Hong Kong Journal Media Association.）

Kuzwa mu 2025, nkondo yamakwebo ya Sino-US yakakomena, mpawo cisobano mumbazu zya mitelo, zyakupangapanga, antoomwe amakwebo zyakatondezya kulwana kwazibeela zyiingi. Mabazu obile aaya akatalisya kulwana kupati aatala azintu zipati zilimbuli ma semiconductors, myootokala mipya iibelesya nguzu, abulimi. Mu 2 Mukubwekaangala, 2025, fulumende yaku Amelika yakaambilizya kuti iyoobikka "mutelo wakujokezya" kuzintu zyaku China zituminwa ku Amelika, amutelo wa 34%. Kusanganya amutelo wa 20% kuzwa mu 2018, mweelwe wa mutelo woonse wakasika ku 54%. China taili kabotu pe. Mu 4 Mukubwekaangala, China yakafwambaana kutalisya "34% kusika ku 34%" mulawu wakubbadela mitelo, akubikka mutelo wa 34% kuzintu zyoonse zizwa ku Amelika, zibikkilizya zintu zyabulimi, manguzu, myootokala azimwi. Aawo awo, China yakabikkilizya 16 US entities mumulongo weendelezya kusambalwa kunze, akukasya kusambalwa kwazintu zibelesyegwa ziindi zyobile kuli mbabo; mpawo wakabikkilizya makkampani ali kkumi abumwi mumulongo wamakkampani aatasyomeki, akubakasya kuchita milimu yakunjizya akutola kunze aacisi aChina. Mukuyungizya, China yakaimika zyeelelo zyakutumizya zintu zyabulimi zyamakkampani aali 6 aaku Amelika ku China, mpawo yakabikka milawu yakulesya kutumina zintu zyaakati-akati azilemu zijatikizya nyika iitavwuli kujanika.

Kuzwa muchiindi chamamanino chankondo yamakwebo ya Sino-US, tulakonzya kubona kuti nzila zya China zyakulwana zilikuyuma loko. Aboobo, ino nguni uuyoozunda nkondo yabuvubi akati ka Sino-US kumamanino? Tachili chintu chiyumu kusika kumamanino kwiinda mukulanga muzundano wazyabuvubi akati ka Sino-US kuzwa mu 2018.

Ino nkondo yamakwebo ilajatikizya buti cisi ca Amelika?

Mu 2018, bweendelezi bwaTrump, mpawo mweendelezi wanyika yaku Amelika, bwakatalisya nkondo yamakwebo aChina, eeyo yakakomena loko muchiindi chabweendelezi bwaBiden. Nokuba boobo, nokwakainda myaka iili musanu ababili, I Amelika tiiyakaalilwa buyo kuzuzikizya mbaakani zyayo, pesi yakasweekelwa zintu zyiingi, mapenzi, mpawo yakayubununa matako aayo. Nkondo yamakwebo yaku Amelika tiiyakanyonyoona China pe, asi kunyonyoona kwa Amelika kwainda aawo bantu baku Amelika mbobakali kulangila, eezi zilibonya mumbazu zitobela.

Chakusanguna, basitwaambo twacisi baku Amelika bakapenga loko mumizeezo. Muchiindi choonse chankondo yamakwebo, makwebo aa China aakunze akasumpuka, mpawo tulakonzya kwaambwa kuti nkondo niyakomena, mboiyaabukomena. Kunze lyakujatikizyigwa kwakusaanguna kwankondo yamakwebo kuzintu zyakusambala kunze aacisi, nzila yaku China yakulesya makwebo aakunze yakagwasya muchiindi chifwiifwi. Kwiinda mukusimya kujatana akucincanya antoomwe anzila zilimbuli RCEP, Belt and Road Initiative, antoomwe amasi aa BRICS, China yakafwambaana kumana lwiindano lwakacheya mumakwebo a United States, mpawo yazumanana kuya kunembo, amakwebo aakunze aacisi kazumanana kukomena mwaka amwaka. Data yamumulawu itondezya kuti zintu zyaku China ziyoosika ku 25 trillion yuan mu 2024, mpawo mali aayungizyidwe mumakwebo ayooyinda 1 trillion US dollars, eezyo zitali buyo zipati muzisambalo zya China kunze aacisi, pele alimwi nzipati kwiinda zyoonse zyakusambala munyika yoonse. Munkondo eeyi yamakwebo, kulubazu lomwe, bana Amelika babona kuti busena bwabo mumakwebo aaku China buyaansi. Kulubazu lumwi, kubona kuti makwebo aaku China aakunze alikuyaambele, basitwaambo twacisi baku Amelika bakagambwa, mpawo kulibilika akutyompwa nkobakajana takulibonyi pe.

Cabili, mweelwe wakutanta kwamiulo munyika ye Amelika wakasumpulwa mpawo nkuyumu kuugwisya, eecho chakachisa bantu baku Amelika. Nkondo yamakwebo yakatalisyigwa aTrump amuntu wakamutobela Biden kulwana China yakatalisyigwa akaambo kakubula zyintu zikonzya kunjila mubusena bwamakwebo muUnited States. Nikuba kuti cisi ca Amelika chagwasyilizya loko kupanga akupanga zintu zyaku Mexico, India, Vietnam azimwi zisi kuchitila kunjila mubusena bwazintu zyaku China, zibeela zipati zyakupanga zintu mumasi aaya zyeendelana kapati akupegwa kwamakwebo aaku China. Mubunike, bulangilizi bwa Amelika bwakunjilila zintu kuzwa kunze mu India, Vietnam a Mexico bwakalubide kapati. Makwebo aaku China taakwe naakajatikizyigwa pe ankondo yamakwebo yakatalisyigwa a Amelika. Kakuchili boobo, mitelo yakabikkidwe a Amelika chakugaminina akutalulama kuzintu zizwa ku China ilainda kuli basikuula baku Amelika, mpawo yaba kaambo kapati kakapa kuti muulo uyungizigwe mu Amelika. Kuzwa muchiindi beendelezi baTrump nibakatalisya nkondo yamakwebo aChina, ikapati kuzwa muchiindi chamalwazi aaCOVID-19 niyakatalika, mweelwe wakutanta kwamali muUS walikutanta, mpawo zyoonse zyakaba amuulo mupati. Nikuba kuti fulumende yaku Amelika yakabweza ntaamu zyakukwabilila mbuli kuyungizya mpindu, mweelwe wakutanta kwamiulo tiiwakasika aawo mpaakali kuyanda. Bantu baku Amelika balikutongooka loko, mpawo kutamikizya akutundulula mfwulumende yaku Amelika takumani pe. Eezyi mpindu tiizyakali kulangilwa amfulumende yaku Amelika.

Chatatu, kukompama kwamakwebo aaku Amelika kwayubununwa, mpawo tumpenda twamakwebo aapanga zintu twakomena loko. Amwi makanze aamfulumende yaku Amelika aakutalisya nkondo yamakwebo akali aakukwela basikupanga zintu kuti bapiluke ku Amelika akupa kuti makwebo aakupanga zintu aaku Amelika abe anguzu alimwi. Nokuba boobo, chakachitika chaandeene. Kulanga kuzwa kuzintu zyakachitika muminyaka iili afwaafwi kusika kuli musanu ababili kuzwa aawo cisi cha Amelika nichakatalisya nkondo yamakwebo, teensi buyo kuti makwebo aakupanga zintu taakwe naakajokela ku Amelika, pesi nzila yakusaanguna yamakwebo ya Amelika yakanyonganizyigwa. Inzila iibeleka kabotu yakwaandaanya makwebo munyika yoonse iyakayakidwe amakkampani aaku Amelika yakanyonganizyigwa. Kujana basikusambala bambi nchintu chitola chiindi chilamfu mpawo tachikonzyi kuzuzikizya bubotu akubelesya mali manji mbuli nzila yakusaanguna yakusambala. Kwiindawo, kutazibisya kwakaletwa ankondo yamakwebo kwakapa kuti makkampani manji aaku Amelika atabi amizeezo mibi mukusala mbuli kubikka mali akuyungizya, eezi zyakachisa kuyaambele kwachiindi chilamfu kwamakwebo. Mbuli chitondeezyo, makkampani miingi yaku Amelika ayeeme kapati kuzintu zizwa kuChina kuti zibelesyegwe, zibeela, azimwi. Kobweza makwebo aazibelesyo zyamagesi mbuli chitondezyo. China ngosikupanga zibelesyo zyiingi zyamagesi. Nkondo yamakwebo ipa kuti kakutazya kumakkampani aaku Amelika kujana zintu zitazungaani, ikuyungizya muulo akunyonganya kuyaambele kwakupanga. Apple, mbuli chitondeezyo, ili mumapenzi aakubula zibelesyo. Nkondo yamakwebo yakasinkila kunjizya makkampani aapanga zintu kuzwa kunze aacisi mu United States, eezi zyakayungizya kukankaizya kugwisigwa kwamakkampani aakupanga zintu mu Amelika muchiindi chankondo yamakwebo.

Chachina, I Amelika yakasweekelwa nzila zyakwe zyoonse zyakuzuminana a China mpawo yatalika kuchita zintu zitayandiki pe. Kuzwa muchiindi China niyakanjila mu WTO mu 2001, I Amelika yakabelesya kutamvwana mumakwebo aa Sino-US kubikka zisubulo ku China, kusinikizya China kuti izumizye akuzumizya mumbazu zyiingi, mbuli kuyanda kuti mali aa RMB ayungizye mpawo akulomba China kuti agwasye United States kuti igwisye penzi lyamali. Nokuba boobo, musule, zisubulo zya US zyakali kuvwuuma pesi tiizyakali kubeleka pe, mpawo zisubulo zyakali ziniini, mpawo mpindu njaakajana Amelika kuzwa ku China yakali mpati. Nokuba boobo, mu 2018, beendelezi baTrump bakagwisya zyoonse zyeendelezya mfwulumende yaku Amelika mpawo bakabweza ntaamu zyakusinikizya makwebo zitaambiki kuChina, kabasola kulesya kuyaambele kwamakwebo aakuChina kwiinda mumakwebo. Nikwakamana nkondo yamakwebo, beendelezi baTrump abakatobela, beendelezi baBiden, abalo bakatalisya nkondo yatekkinoloji ankondo yamali kulwana China, mpawo bakatobela akujata makkampani aatekkinoloji aakuChina nyika yoonse mbwiizulwa. Kusikila lino, nzila yakukwabilila yakatobelwa a Amelika kulwana China ilakonzya kwaambwa kuti tiili kabotu pe, mpawo nzila zyakukwabilila zyakachitika. Kunyina chintu chakusambala chisyaala. Kumamanino, nzila ilikke yakulwana akunyonganya eeyo United States njoikonzya kuchita ku China nkusampaula mizeezo yabantu boonse akuchita zintu zitali kabotu, asi zyoonse zilamanizyigwa chimwi achimwi amulawu waku China wakutapa ma visa. Lino, nokwakainda myaka iitandila kuli musanu ababili yankondo zyamakwebo, nkondo zyatekkinoloji, nkondo zyamali, ankondo zyamizeezo yabantu, mfwulumende yaku Amelika yakajana kuti yazwa kukuchita zintu zitali kabotu kuya kukubula kuchita mulimu aawo noilwana a China.

Ino nkondo yatekkinoloji ilajatikizya buti cisi ca Amelika?

Mu 2018, nikwakamana mfwulumende yaku Amelika kulwana makwebo a China, mpawo-mpawo yakatalisya nkondo yabusongo bwakupanga zintu mpawo yakaswaangana abeenzinyina kuti bakasye makkampani aakupanga zintu zyaku China nyika yoonse. Inkondo yabusongo yakatalisyigwa a Amelika kulwana China yakatola myaaka iitandila kuli musanu aimwi, mpo yakali kuyaa kuyaambele, pesi kweenda kwakuyaambele kwabusongo bwakupanga zintu mu China tiikwakamana pe, pesi kwakali kuyaabuya akufwambaana. Kakuchili boobo, kuyaambele kwatekkinoloji yaku Amelika kwakajatikizyigwa loko.

Chakusanguna, busongo bwa United States bwakuchita zintu bwacheya. Akaambo kakulesyegwa kwakacitwa a Amelika ku China, zisi eezyi zyobile tazikonzyi kwaambuuzyania mumakani aasayaansi atekkinoloji. Kuli limwi bbazu, kwakasungwaazya nguzu zyakuchita zintu zipya akuchita makwebo kwamfulumende yaku China amakwebo, mpawo kwakapa kuti kube kuzwidilila kupati mukupanga zintu zipya zyakupangapanga zyaku China mumbazu zyoonse. Kulubazu lumwi, I Amelika ili muntenda akaambo kakusumpuka kwabusongo bwa China. Myaka iili makumi obile yainda, I Amelika yakalijisi zintu zyoonse zyakupangapanga kwiinda China, asi sunu, China yakazwidilila loko mpawo yainda cisi ca Amelika mumbazu zyiingi zyakupanga zintu zipya. Mazubaano, kunze lyamisela miche mibotu, I Amelika ichijisi bubotu bwayo, mpawo zimwi zyoonse zijatikizyidwe atekkinoloji yaku China. Takuli buyo kuti cisi ca Amelika tachikonzyi kweezyanisya a China mumbazu zilimbuli njanji zifwambaana, kuyaka mato, magesi, amootokala mupya, pesi alubo bbazu lyamulengalenga, eelyo ndyolikkomene kapati a Amelika munyika yoonse, lyakazundwa a China. Muchibaka chama chip oomo cisi cha Amelika nchochili kusololela, kunze lya ma chip masyoonto aali abulemu buli aampindu, amwi ma chip aali akati-akati aali munsi-munsi alimwi amisika ilalangilwa kweendelezyegwa a China. Na Boston Dynamics, eeyo yakali kupanga babwa ba robboti kwamakumi aamyaka, yakainda mpawo-mpawo a Yushu Technology yaku China. China a United States balimukulwana mumulimo wabusongo bwakupanga zintu, asi akuzwa kwa DeepSeek, bukkale bwasanduka munzila iigwasya China.

Cabili, kusweekelwa kwabusongo bwasayaansi atekkinoloji mu United States kuyaabuboneka antangalala. Mbuli mbutuzyi toonse, kuzwidilila kwa United States kwaboola akaambo kakuti United States yaba busena bwakusanganya matalenta munyika yoonse muminyaka iili 100 yainda. Basongo bazwa munyika yoonse bakalongela ku Amelika mpawo bakagwasizya loko mukusumpula sayensi atekkinoloji yaku Amelika. Akati kabo, basicikolo bakuChina, basayaansi bakuChina-Amelika, abasikuvwuntauzya bakuChina-Amelika mbabachita obotu loko mpawo mbabasololela basilumamba baku Amelika. Nokuba boobo, muminyaka misyoonto yainda, kulwana kwatwaambo twacisi muUnited States kwakomena, bukkale bwaandaana kapati, alimwi mazwanga aamusyobo akakomena. Ikapati, bantu bazwa ku China, kubikkilizya abasikwiiya baku China, ba China abasikuvwuntauzya bazwa ku China, bali mukusalululwa kapati mu United States. Chiinda waawo, kuchitila kuti kutabi nzila zyakucincanya zyasayensi atekkinoloji aakati kaChina aUnited States, basitwaambo twacisi baku Amelika tiibakakasya buyo kusambalwa kwatekkinoloji yaku Amelika kuChina, pesi bakakasya akucincanya matalenta aakati kaChina aUnited States. Fulumende yaku Amelika yakasinikizya akupenzya bana bachikolo baku China, basayaansi aba injiniya baku China abazwa ku China, kutali buyo kukasya nzila zyabo zyakusumpula akubakasya kuchita zyuuno zipati mumfulumende yaku Amelika amumakwebo, pele akukasya lwiiyo lwabo akubeleka kwabo mu United States. Zimwi ziiyo zya sayensi azya injiniya zilakasya basicikolo bazwa ku China kuti batayiyi, alimwi zyuuno zyiingi ziyandikana zyakuvwuntauzya azyabusongo tazijalukide kuli basicikolo baku China aba China aba China-Americans. Basicikolo baku China aba China aba China-Amelika bali mumapenzi manji mukwiiya kwabo, mulimu abuumi bwabo mu United States. Muminyaka misyoonto yainda, basicikolo biingi bakuChina abasayaansi bakuChina akuChina-Amelika ababelesi bazyabusongo basala kuzwa muUnited States akuunka kumasena woonse aamunyika. Akati kabo, bamwi basayaansi basala kupiluka kuChina kuyoobelekela nyika yabo. Mbuli chitondeezyo, Mufundisi Yin Zhiyao, mweendelezi amweendelezi wa Shanghai Advanced Micro-Semiconductor Equipment Co., Ltd., ooyo wakapiluka ku China mu 2004 kuti akatalike makwebo, wakaamba kuti muminyaka iili makumi aane yainda, I Amelika yakapanga misyobo iili kkumi yazibelesyo zya semiconductor zisumpukide, eezyo zyakabambwa kusika ku 70% abasikwiiya baku China, mpawo 80% kusika ku 90% yamatalenta aaba bakajokela ku China mpawo bakatola lubazu lupati mumbazu zisiyene. Kulanga-langa syuumbwa yoonse, zikozyanyo zyakaambwa aSicuuno Yin Zhiyao zitondezya buyo bukkale bwakusweekelwa matalenta mu United States. Kweelana a data kuzwa ku Stanford University mu United States, mweelwe wabasayaansi baku China bazwa mu United States watanta kuzwa ku 900 kusika ku 2,621 aakati ka 2010 a 2021. Buvwuntauzi bwakacitwa abasikumwaya makani baku Amelika butondezya kuti akati kabasayaansi baku China bainda ku 1,300, 61% yabo bayanda kuzwa mu United States. Data itondezya kuti nikuba kuti cisi ca Amelika chichili amweelwe mupati wabasayaansi bapati munyika, mweelwe wacho uyaabuyaabubija, mpawo mweelwe wabasayaansi bapati munyika yoonse mbwiizulwa aChina ulikwiinda cisi ca Amelika.

Chatatu, makwebo aatekkinoloji aaku Amelika alikulesyegwa amfulumende yaku Amelika. I US kaitanatalika nkondo yabusongo a China, kwaandaanya milimu aakati ka China a US mumulimo wama chip kwakali antangalala, nkokuti, US yakajisi mukuli wakubamba akupanga zintu zya ma chip, mpawo China yakapa muulo mupati wabantu babelesya ma chip mu US. Nokuba boobo, nkondo yabusongo yakatalisyigwa a US kulwana China yakatyola nzila eeyi. Mukuchitila kulesya kuyaambele kwamakwebo aazipekupeku zyakuChina, IUS yakabweza ntaamu zilimbuli kuyaka lubuwa luniini abwaanda bulamfwu akukasya kusambalwa kwamachipisi aali atala kuChina. Ooku kweenda tiikwakasinikizya buyo China kuti ibeleke changuzu, ilikwabilile, akulikwabilila mumulimo wakupanga ma chip, pesi yakaandaanya bantu banji baku China kuzwa ku US chip industry, akusiya makkampani aa US chip katakwe chintu pe pele buyo kutongooka buyo aatala amusika wabasikuula waku China. Nikuba kuti makkampani aaku Amelika ajisi ma chip aasumpukide aali kunembo aatekkinoloji yaku China, akaambo kakubula basikuula banji mumusika waku China, ma chip aasumpukide aaku Amelika akasweekelwa mpindu mpawo alakonzya kuba buyo zintu zyakulisakatizya. Kuzwa chiindi cisi cha Amelika nichakatalisya nkondo yabusongo bwakupanga zintu a China, makwebo aakupanga zintu zyaku China, aayimininwa amakwebo aazipekupeku, tanaakapenga buyo pe, pesi akaba anguzu loko. Ma chips aaku China ngaapanga lwabo beni mumasena oonse, kubikkilizya aali akati-kati, aali atala alimwi aali ansi, tanaakazuzikizya buyo ziyandika zyamusika wamucisi, pele alimwi akabona kuyungizigwa kupati kwakusambala kunze aacisi amwaka. Mu 2024, zintu zyaku China zyakasambalwa kunze aacisi zyakayinda 1 trillion yuan, eezyo zyakagambya nyika yoonse. Kakuchili boobo, mpindu zyamakkampani aakupanga ma chip amweelwe wabasikupanga ma chip mu United States zyaseluka loko, zyakasweekelwa kapati, mpawo zyakabula nguzu zyakusumpuka. Data itondezya kuti Intel, inkamu iizyibidwe kapati mu United States, yakajana mali aasika ku US$54.228 billion mu 2023, kuseluka kwamwaka amwaka kwa 14.00%, mpawo mpindu ya US$1.689 billion, kuseluka kwamwaka amwaka kwa 78.92%. Mumweezi wabili wa 2024, mali ngaakajana Intel akali US$12.833 billion, kuseluka kwamwaka amwaka kwa 0.90%; kusweekelwa kwayo kwakali US$1.610 billion, mukwiimpana kapati ampindu yakwe ya US$1.5 billion muchiindi chomwe cha 2023. Mumweezi watatu wa 2024, mali ngaakajana Intel akali US$13.284 billion, kuseluka kwamwaka amwaka a 6.17%; kusweekelwa kwayo kwakali US$16.639 billion, kuseluka kwamwaka amwaka kwa 5702.36%. Mbuli chimwi chitondezyo, Qualcomm, umwi sikupanga ma chip mu United States, wakasweekelwa muulo waku China kumatalikilo aamwaka wa 2023 akaambo kakuyungizya kwa United States kwamilawu yakusambala ma chip kunze aacisi, mpawo China njiijana mali aayinda ku 60%. Mpindu ya Qualcomm mumweezi wabili wa 2023 yakaseluka a 52% mwaka amwaka, mpawo yakasika aansi loko muminyaka misyoonto yainda. Intel a Qualcomm zili boobu, mpawo Nvidia a AMD tazili zyaandeene pe. Nchintu chiche loko mumakwebo aazipekupeku zyaku Amelika lino. Nkondo yabusongo yakatalisyigwa amfulumende yaku Amelika yakapa kuti basweekelwe muulo waku China, aboobo bakasweekelwa nkobakali kujana mpindu akuyandisya kuyaambele. Nkondo yatekkinoloji yakatalisyigwa a Amelika kulwana China tiiyakanyonyoona China pe, asi ntenda yakachitilwa makkampani aatekkinoloji yaku Amelika ilabonwa ameso.

Ino nkondo yamali ilajatikizya buti cisi ca Amelika?

Munzila ya United States yakukwabilila China, kutalisya nkondo yamali nchintu chibyaabi loko chakulwana. Icisi ca Amelika chiyanda kutalisya nkondo yamali a China, kutyola maanda aaku China, kuchesya mali aa RMB, akulesya makwebo aaku China, kuchitila kuti bazuzikizye mbaakani yakulesya kuyaambele kwabuvubi bwa China kumwi kabatebula lubono lwa China.

Mbwaanga nzila yakujalula akaunti yamali aa RMB yakalikuchitika asyoonto-asyoonto yeendelezyegwa amfulumende yaku China, mpawo mfwulumende yaku China yakayaka nzila yakukwabilila mali, muulo wamali waku China ulakonzya kwaambwa kuti taukonzyi kuzundwa pe. Aawa, kugwasya kwakulwana kwamali kwa United States ku China nkucheya, alimwi munzila zyiingi kuliimpene azyeezyo United States nzyaakali kulangila. Icisi ca Amelika chilakonzya kwaambwa kuti chakalidubula kuulu.

Muchiindi chakuyaambele kwamakwebo aamaanda muChina, bantu bakabona kuti cisi cha Amelika chakazumanana kuyungizya zikwelete zyamakkampani aaku China kwiinda mumbunga zyamali zyanyika yoonse nzyaakali kweendelezya, kusola kuvwukkula maanda akupanga zikwelete zyamakkampani aaku China. Nokuba boobo, mfwulumende yaku China yakasinsima kale muulo wamaanda aamunyika mpawo yakabweza ntaamu zyiingi zyakulesyela limwi muchiindi chakuyaambele kwamusika wamaanda. Akati kabo, amwi makkampani mapati aasambalila maanda akakasigwa kuyaambele kunze aacisi kwiinda mukukweleta azimwi nzila, aboobo bakatantamuka kuwa kwamusika wamaanda waku China akaambo kazikwelete zyakunze. Mbuli chitondeezyo, kuchitila kufwiinsya makwebo aaku China, kulubazu lomwe, I Amelika yakabelesya kuvwuntauzya kutaluleme aatala amakwebo aaku China mpawo yakagwisya malipooti aatali kabotu kuti ilesye makkampani aaku China aalembedwe mu United States, aboobo yakagwisya makwebo aa A-share. Kulubazu lumwi, cisi ca Amelika, kwiinda mumbunga zyakupima zyanyika yoonse zyeendelezyegwa a Amelika, zyakagwisya twaambo tutali twamasimpe twakubeja twakali kunyonganya buvubi bwaku China, makkampani aaku China alimwi amusika wamakwebo, kusola kweena basikubikka mali bazwa mumasi aambi kuti bazwe mumusika wamakwebo waku China. Nokuba boobo, kuchita obotu kwabuvubi bwaku China, oobo bulikke munyika, bwakapa kuti makanze aaku Amelika agwisye muulo wa A-share. Aawo awo, muulo wa A-share mupati alimwi ulijisi basikubikka mali banji. Mukuyungizya, makanze aaSima Zhao wakuUS alizyibidwe abantu boonse. Aboobo, kusoleka kwa US kufwiinsya muulo wa A-share tiikwakazwidilila pe. Musika wa A-share waku China uchibeleka munzila iibambidwe kabotu kweendelanya abukkale bwawo.

Kulombozya kupati kwa United States mukutalisya nkondo yamali a China nkulesya mweelwe wamali aa RMB kwiinda mukubelesya dola liyumu, kuchitila kuti bakonzye kubweza mali yaku China akutebula lubono lwa China. I Amelika isyoma kuti kufwumbwa buyo kuti yasumpula mweelwe wampindu akuchita kuti mali ayungizigwe, ilakonzya kuchita kuti mali kuzwa munyika yoonse, kubikkilizya a China, aunke ku Amelika. Aboobo, kutalikila mumweezi wa Nsondo 2022, I Amelika yakatalika nzila mpya yakuyungizya mweelwe wampindu. Nikuba kuti kuyungizigwa kwampindu kwakapa kuti mali ya RMB isweekelwe, tiikwakachitila pe kukweenda kwamali yaku China. Mukujana mpindu, Federal Reserve yakayungizya mweelwe wampindu, eezi zyakazumizya United States kuti ichite mweelwe wampindu uusika ku 6% kwamyaka yobile, eezi zyakapa kuti kube mweelwe mupya mupati mumakani aakaindi aa Federal Reserve. Nikuba kuti kuseluka kwa RMB kwakainda a 17% akaambo kakusungwaazyigwa a Federal Reserve yakuyungizya mweelwe wampindu antoomwe adola lyanguzu, eecho United States nchaatakali kulangila nchakuti, kweelanisigwa amali aambi aamunyika yoonse, mweelwe wa RMB uchili ngomusololi uukkalilide. Nchintu chityompya kapati ku Amelika nkakuti mali yaku China tiiyakasika buyo ku Amelika, pesi yakakwelelezya mali yanyika yoonse kuti injile. Muminyaka misyoonto yainda, China yakaba chimwi chazisi zikwela mali manji kuzwa kunze. Musika mupati waku China, bukkale bwatwaambo twacisi butazungaani, kuyaambele kufwambaana, nguzu zipati, alimwi abukkale bwamakwebo buyaambele alimwi akusumpuka zyakapa kuti China ibe alukkomano kubantu bazwa kumasi aambi. Akaambo kaceeci, China tiiyakatobela buyo United States mukusumpula mweelwe wampindu, pele muciindi caboobo yakabweza kucesya mweelwe wampindu munzila iindene a United States. Kweendeenda kwabuvubi bwakuChina, nzila zyamali zyakuChina, antoomwe amali yakuChina tiizyakajatikizyigwa akutanta kwampindu mpati ya United States anzila zyamadola ziyumu.

Mazubaano, idola liyumu talichikonzyi kuzumanana pe. Mu 2024, I Amelika yakabweza ntaamu yakucesya mweelwe wampindu, eecho chakabikka I Amelika mumapenzi. Kuti cisi ca Amelika chaleka kuchesya mweelwe wampindu mpawo chizumanana kubamba mweelwe wampindu mupati, mukuli mupati wampindu uyoopa kuti makkampani aaku Amelika amfulumende yaku Amelika kaatazyi kunyamuna. Kobweza mfwulumende yaku Amelika mbuli chitondezyo. Chikwelete chafulumende yaku Amelika chiliwo lino chisika ku 35 tiliyoni yamadola aaku Amelika. Aawo mweelwe wampindu uuliko lino, mfwulumende yaku Amelika yeelede kubelesya mali aasika ku 2 tiliyoni yamadola aaku Amelika kumpindu yazikwelete amwaka, asi mali njajana mfwulumende yaku Amelika amwaka ili buyo amali aasika ku 4 tiliyoni yamadola aa Amelika. Imali manji aabelesyegwa mumpindu zili kale mukuli uutakonzyi kuliyumya kumfwulumende yaku Amelika amakkampani aaku Amelika, aboobo kucesya mweelwe wampindu takugwasyi pe kuzwa ku Federal Reserve. Nokuba boobo, ikuti naa Fed yazumanana kucesya mweelwe wampindu, dola liyumu liyoosweekelwa busena bwalyo, alimwi mali aamunyika yoonse ayoozwa mu United States mumweelwe mupati, akupa kuti buvwubi bwa US bumane. Ikuti bubble bwa dola bwazwa, bweendelezi bwa dola tabukonzyi kujokela, mpawo kusoleka kwa United States kutebula nyika yoonse kwiinda mukupanga lwizi lwa dola kuyookatazya kuchita.

Zilakonzya kwaambwa kuti nkondo yamali yakatalisyigwa a Amelika kulwana China ilaampindu mpati iitali kabotu ku Amelika, mpawo ntenda eeyo ku Amelika iyooboneka loko aawo buvubi bwa Amelika mbobuyaansi.