Mɛni jɛ shika helɛtemɔ ta ni USA kɛ China wu lɛ mli ba?

(Yan Ansheng, ni ji Hong Kong wolo tɛtrɛɛ adafitswaa kuu lɛ sɛinɔtalɔ lɛ kala ekoŋŋ kɛjɛ Oriental Finance wolo tɛtrɛɛ lɛ mli.)

Kɛjɛ afi 2025 kɛbaa nɛɛ, Sino kɛ U.S. jarayeli ta lɛ mli ewo wu waa, ni shwɛmɔ ni yaa nɔ yɛ nyɔmɔwoo, ŋaalee, kɛ nitsumɔhei akui amli lɛ ejie sɛɛkpee shihilɛ ni yɔɔ fãi srɔtoi amli lɛ kpo. Fãi enyɔ lɛ eje béi ni mli wa shishi yɛ hei titrii tamɔ semiconductors, hewalɛ tsɔnei heei, kɛ okwaayeli he. Yɛ April 2, 2025 lɛ, U.S. nɔyeli lɛ tswa adafi akɛ ebaawo "too ni akɛtoɔ he" yɛ China nibii ni akɛyaa United States lɛ anɔ, ni too ni awoɔ lɛ ji 34%. Kɛ akɛ 20% ni awoɔ kɛjɛ afi 2018 lɛ fata he lɛ, tooyeli ni fa fe fɛɛ lɛ shɛɔ 54%. China ehiii kwraa fe no. Yɛ April 4 lɛ, China kɛ "34% kɛyashi 34%" ni ji sɛɛkuu nyɔmɔwoo he mla ba oya, ni ekɛ nyɔmɔwoo ni ji 34% wo nibii fɛɛ ni akɛbaa maŋsɛɛ ni jɛ United States lɛ anɔ, ni okwaayeli nibii, hewalɛ, tsɔnei kɛ ŋmɔji krokomɛi fata he. Yɛ nakai beaŋ nɔŋŋ lɛ, China kɛ U.S. nitsumɔhei 16 efata nibii ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ ahe gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ he, ni egu nibii ni akɛtsuɔ nii shii enyɔ ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ; ni ekɛ nitsumɔhei 11 fata nitsumɔhei ni anyɛɛɛ ahe aye lɛ ahe, ni egu amɛ ni amɛkɛ China akafee nibii ni akɛbaa maŋsɛɛ kɛ nibii ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ ahe nitsumɔi. Kɛfata he lɛ, China ekpa U.S. nitsumɔhei 6 ni kɛ okwaayeli nibii tsuɔ nii kɛyaa China lɛ ahe gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ, ni ekɛ nibii ni kɔɔ shikpɔŋ ni anáaa waa ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ kɛ nɔ ni tsii ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ lɛ he gbɛjianɔtoo etsu nii.

Kɛjɛ China kɛ U.S. jarayeli ta lɛ mli fã ni ji naagbee nɔ lɛ mli lɛ, wɔbaanyɛ wɔna akɛ China nibii ni ekɛtsuɔ nii kɛteɔ shi ewoɔ ta lɛ miiya hiɛ waa. No hewɔ lɛ, namɔ baaye kunim yɛ Sino-US shika helɛtemɔ ta lɛ mli yɛ naagbee? Ewaaa akɛ aaamu sane naa kɛtsɔ Sino-US shika helɛtemɔ akaŋshii ni tee nɔ kɛjɛ afi 2018 lɛ mlikwɛmɔ nɔ.

Te jarayeli ta lɛ náa United States nɔ hewalɛ eha tɛŋŋ?

Yɛ 2018 mli lɛ, Trump nɔyeli lɛ, ni ji US maŋ onukpa yɛ nakai beaŋ lɛ, je jarayeli ta shishi eshi China, ni ebafee nɔ ni naa wa fe tsutsu lɛ yɛ Biden nɔyeli beaŋ. Shi, afii kpawo sɛɛ lɛ, jeee akɛ United States nyɛɛɛ ashɛ otii ni ekɛma ehiɛ lɛ ahe kɛkɛ, shi moŋ efite nibii babaoo, ena naagbai, ni ejie etsitsii ni bɛ nɔ ko nɔ ko lɛ kpo. U.S. jarayeli ta lɛ efite China nɔ ko fioo pɛ, shi nɔ ni efite United States diɛŋtsɛ lɛ eteke nɔ ni Amerikabii kpaa gbɛ lɛ kwraa, ni ejieɔ ehe kpo tɛ̃ɛ yɛ nibii ni nyiɛ sɛɛ nɛɛ amli.

Klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ, Amerika maŋkwralɔi ena jwɛŋmɔŋ haomɔ ko ni eko bako nakai dã. Yɛ jarayeli ta lɛ mli fɛɛ lɛ, China maŋsɛɛ jarayeli lɛ etee hiɛ yɛ fɛɛ mli, ni abaanyɛ akɛɛ akɛ bɔ ni ta lɛ yaa hiɛ lɛ, nakai emli wa. Kɛ jeee shishijee hewalɛ ni jarayeli ta lɛ ná yɛ nibii ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ anɔ lɛ, China maŋsɛɛ jarayeli he gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ etsu gbɛfaŋnɔ ko he nii yɛ be kukuoo mli kwraa. Kɛtsɔ ekomefeemɔ kɛ tsakemɔi ni ewajeɔ kɛ gbɛjianɔtoi kɛ gbɛjianɔtoi tamɔ RCEP, Belt and Road Initiative, kɛ BRICS maji lɛ anɔ lɛ, China ekɛ oyaiyeli etsu gbɛ ni kã jarayeli ni miiba shi yɛ ekɛ United States teŋ lɛ he nii, ni etee hiɛ yɛ gbɛ fɛɛ gbɛ nɔ, ni maŋsɛɛ jarayeli yaa nɔ eyaa hiɛ afi fɛɛ afi. Amralo lɛ adafitswaa tsɔɔ akɛ China nibii ni ekɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ baashɛ yuan triliɔn 25 yɛ 2024, ni ejarayeli nibii ni fa fe nine lɛ baaho US dɔlai triliɔn 1, ni jeee akɛ eji nɔ ni da fe fɛɛ yɛ China nibii ni ekɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ mli pɛ, shi moŋ eji nɔ ni da fe fɛɛ yɛ je lɛŋ jarayeli mli hu. Yɛ jarayeli ta nɛɛ mli lɛ, yɛ gbɛ kome nɔ lɛ, Amerikabii naa akɛ amɛ gbɛhe yɛ China maŋsɛɛ jarayeli mli lɛ miiba shi oya. Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, beni amɛna akɛ China maŋsɛɛ jarayeli lɛ miiya hiɛ lɛ, Amerika maŋkwralɔi lɛ ayiŋ efutu amɛ, ni jwɛŋmɔŋ haomɔ kɛ gbee ni amɛna lɛ ji nɔ ni anako eko dã.

Nɔ ni ji enyɔ lɛ, ajie nibii ahe jara ni yaa hiɛ yɛ United States lɛ nɔ ni ewa akɛ abaaba shi, ni enɛ eye Amerikabii lɛ anɔ awui waa. Jarayeli ta ni Trump kɛ esɛɛyelɔ Biden kɛ China je shishi lɛ je shishi yɛ nitsumɔhei ni akɛtoɔ najiaŋ yɛ United States lɛ ni bɛ lɛ mli. Eyɛ mli akɛ United States eye ebua Mexico, India, Vietnam kɛ maji krokomɛi amli nibii afeemɔ kɛ amɛfeemɔ waa bɔni afee ni ekɛye China nibii lɛ anajiaŋ moŋ, shi nibii titrii ni yɔɔ maji nɛɛ amli lɛ damɔ China nitsumɔhe nine lɛ nibii ni akɛhaa lɛ anɔ waa. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, United States hiɛnɔkamɔ akɛ ebaatsake nibii ni akɛbaajɛ maŋsɛɛ aba India, Vietnam kɛ Mexico lɛ etɔ̃ kwraa. Jarayeli ta ni United States je shishi lɛ enako China nitsumɔhei wuji lɛ anɔ hewalɛ tsɔ. Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ enɛ lɛ, nyɔmɔwoo ni United States kɛwoɔ China nibii ni ekɛbaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ anɔ tɛ̃ɛ kɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ ji nɔ titri ni ekɛhaa Amerikabii ni heɔ nii lɛ, ni ebatsɔ yiŋtoi titri ni haa nibii ahe jara wa waa yɛ United States lɛ ateŋ ekome. Kɛjɛ be mli ni Trump nɔyeli lɛ je jarayeli ta shishi eshi China, titri lɛ kɛjɛ be mli ni COVID-19 tsɛŋemɔ hela lɛ je shishi lɛ, US nibii ahe jara etee hiɛ be fɛɛ be, ni nɔ fɛɛ nɔ jara eba shi. Eyɛ mli akɛ U.S. nɔyeli lɛ etsu gbɛi ni mli wa waa ni ekɛbaatsu nii tamɔ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ he nyɔmɔwoo ni nɔ kwɔ moŋ, shi shika ni yaa hiɛ lɛ eshɛko he ni ato he gbɛjianɔ akɛ akudɔ lɛ pɛŋ. Amerika maŋbii lɛ miiwie huhuuhu waa, ni naatsii srɔtoi kɛ yiwalɛ nifeemɔi ni akɛshiɔ U.S. nɔyeli lɛ bɛ naagbee. Nɔ ni jɛ mli ba nɛɛ ji nɔ ni U.S. nɔyeli lɛ kpaaa gbɛ.

Nɔ ni ji etɛ lɛ, ajie bɔ ni U.S. nitsumɔhei wuji lɛ bɛ hewalɛ ha lɛ kpo, ni tɔmɔi ni yɔɔ nitsumɔhei ni feɔ nibii lɛ amli lɛ ebafee nɔ ni bɛ hewalɛ fe tsutsu lɛ po. Yiŋtoi kome ni ha U.S. nɔyeli lɛ je jarayeli ta shishi ji ni ekɛgbala nibii afeemɔŋ nitsumɔhei lɛ kɛba United States ekoŋŋ, ni eha U.S. nibii afeemɔŋ nitsumɔhei lɛ aya hiɛ ekoŋŋ. Shi kɛlɛ, nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ nakai ba. Kɛ akɛ nɔ ni jɛ nɔ ni miihe ashɛ afii kpawo ni eho kɛjɛ be mli ni United States je jarayeli ta lɛ shishi lɛ mli ba lɛ, jeee akɛ nitsumɔhe ni feɔ nibii lɛ ekuuu esɛɛ kɛbaaa United States kɛkɛ, shi moŋ shishijee nitsumɔhei ni yɔɔ United States lɛ hu efite. Afite jeŋ muu fɛɛ nitsumɔhei amlijaa gbɛjianɔtoo ni tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ ni Amerika nitsumɔhei lɛ ma shishijee lɛ. Nibii krokomɛi ni akɛhaa lɛ ataomɔ heɔ be babaoo ni enyɛŋ eshɛ shishijee nibii ni akɛhaa lɛ ahe kpakpa kɛ shika ni akɛtsuɔ nii lɛ he. Agbɛnɛ hu, yiŋkɔshikɔshifeemɔ ni jarayeli ta lɛ kɛba lɛ hu eha Amerika nitsumɔhei babaoo eshashao shi yɛ yiŋkpɛɛi tamɔ shika ni amɛkɛwoɔ nitsumɔ mli kɛ amɛmlilɛɛmɔ he, ni enɛ egba nitsumɔhei ni yɔɔ shiŋŋ ni sɛɛ tsɛɔ lɛ ahe. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Amerika nitsumɔhei babaoo kɛ amɛhe fɔ̃ɔ nibii ni akɛbaajɛ China aba lɛ anɔ waa kɛha nibii ni akɛtsuɔ nii, nibii ahe nibii, kɛ ekrokomɛi. China ji maŋ titri ni feɔ tsɔnei babaoo ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ tsɔne mli lɛ. Jarayeli ta lɛ haa ewaa ahaa Amerika nitsumɔhei ni kɛ amɛhe yɔɔ tsakpaa lɛ akɛ amɛaana nibii ni amɛkɛtsuɔ nii ni yɔɔ shiŋŋ, ni ehaa shika ni akɛwoɔ nitsumɔ mli lɛ yaa hiɛ ni efiteɔ nibii afeemɔ lɛ hiɛyaa. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Apple kɛ nibii ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ ahe naagba miikpe. Jarayeli ta lɛ etsĩ maŋ lɛ mli nitsumɔhei ni feɔ nibii ni akɛbaa United States lɛ anaa, ni enɛ eha bɔ ni U.S. nitsumɔhei ni feɔ nibii lɛ efo mli yɛ jarayeli ta lɛ mli lɛ etee hiɛ.

Nɔ ni ji ejwɛ lɛ, United States efite nibii fɛɛ ni ekɛ China yeɔ jara lɛ, ni ebatsɔ mɔ ni efeee nɔ ko kwraa. Kɛjɛ be mli ni China kɛ ehe wo WTO lɛ mli yɛ afi 2001 lɛ, bei pii lɛ, United States kɛ nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ akɛ srɔtofeemɔ ni yɔɔ Sino-US jarayeli mli lɛ tsuɔ nii ni ekɛtoɔ China he gbɛjianɔ, ni enyɛɔ China nɔ koni ekɛ ehe awo mli ni ekɛ ehe awo nibii babaoo amli, tamɔ RMB lɛ he hiɛsɔɔ ni ebiɔ ni ebiɔ China po ni eye ebua United States ni ejie shika he naagba lɛ kɛjɛ mli. Shi, be ko ni eho lɛ, U.S. toigbalamɔi lɛ naa wa shi etsuuu nii, ni toigbalamɔi diɛŋtsɛ lɛ hu faaa, ni sɛɛnamɔi ni United States ná kɛjɛ China dɛŋ lɛ fa babaoo. Shi yɛ afi 2018 lɛ, Trump nɔyeli lɛ gbá U.S. nɔyeli lɛ abonua tso lɛ mli kwraa ni ekɛ jarayeli he nɔnyɛɛ ni fe nine ni eko bako nakai dã tsu nii eshi China, ni ebɔ mɔdɛŋ ni ekɛtsi China nitsumɔhe lɛ hiɛyaa naa kɛtsɔ jarayeli nɔ. Yɛ jarayeli ta lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, Trump nɔyeli lɛ kɛ nɔ ni baye esɛɛ, ni ji Biden nɔyeli lɛ hu je tsɔnei ahe ta kɛ shika he ta amɛshi China, ni amɛtiu China tsɔnei ahe nitsumɔhei ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ he fɛɛ he lɛ asɛɛ ni amɛtsi amɛnaa. Kɛbashi amrɔ nɛɛ, abaanyɛ akɛɛ gbɛ ni United States tsɔ nɔ ekɛtsi China naa lɛ ji nɔ ni bɛ jwɛŋmɔ kpakpa, ni atswa trump kaadii lɛ. Nɔ ko nɔ ko eshwɛɛɛ ni akɛbaajara nii. Yɛ naagbee lɛ, tutuamɔ kɛ awuiyeli gbɛi pɛ ni United States baanyɛ atsɔ nɔ ekɛte shi ewo China ji maŋbii lɛ ajwɛŋmɔ ni efiteɔ kɛ daimonioi afeemɔ, shi China mla ni ji visa-free lɛ hu tsuɔ he nii komekomei. Amrɔ nɛɛ, yɛ jarayeli tai, tsɔnei ahe tai, shika he tai, kɛ maŋbii ajwɛŋmɔi ahe tai ni fe afii kpawo sɛɛ lɛ, U.S. nɔyeli lɛ ena trukaa akɛ ejɛ nɔ ni etsuɔ ​​he nii oya lɛ mli kɛtee nɔ ni efeee nɔ ko nɔ ko beni ekɛ China kpeɔ lɛ mli.

Te tsɔnei ahe nilee ta lɛ náa United States nɔ hewalɛ eha tɛŋŋ?

Yɛ 2018 mli, beni US nɔyeli lɛ je jarayeli ta shishi eshi China lɛ, amrɔ nɔŋŋ ni ebɔi tɛknɔlɔji ta ni ekɛ ehefatalɔi lɛ fee ekome ni amɛtsi China tɛknɔlɔji nitsumɔhei ni yɔɔ jeŋ fɛɛ lɛ anaa. Teknɔlɔji ta ni United States kɛ China je shishi lɛ etee nɔ fe afii enumɔ, ni etee hiɛ be fɛɛ be, shi China tɛknɔlɔji hiɛyaa lɛ oyaiyeli lɛ ekpaaa, shi moŋ eyaa oya oya. Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ enɛ lɛ, United States diɛŋtsɛ tsɔnei ahe nilee lɛ etee hiɛ waa.

Klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ, sɛɛnamɔ ni United States yɔɔ yɛ tsɔnei ahe nilee mli lɛ eba shi. Yɛ gbɛtsii nii ni United States kɛte shi ewo China lɛ hewɔ lɛ, maji enyɔ lɛ nyɛɛɛ agba sane yɛ jeŋ nilee kɛ ŋaalee mli. Yɛ gbɛ kome nɔ lɛ, ekanya China nɔyeli lɛ kɛ nitsumɔhei lɛ ahewalɛ ni amɛkɛbaafee nibii heei kɛ nitsumɔhei lɛ, ni ekɛ hiɛyaa kpele eba China ŋaalee nibii heei ahe nitsumɔ mli yɛ nibii fɛɛ mli. Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, United States efite nɔ ko yɛ China tsɔnei ahe nilee ni yaa hiɛ oya lɛ hewɔ. Afii 20 ni eho nɛ lɛ, nɔ ni miihe ashɛ United States yɛ tsɔnei ahe nilee mli sɛɛnamɔi fɛɛ fe China, shi ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, China eshɛ he oya ni eteke United States po yɛ tsɔnei ahe nilee mli nibii heei ni afee lɛ babaoo mli. Ŋmɛnɛ, ja ŋmɔji fioo komɛi ni yɔɔ ŋwɛi ni jara wa waa lɛ pɛ, United States hiɛɔ sɛɛnamɔi ni eyɔɔ lɛ mli lolo, ni nɔ ni miihe ashɛ nibii krokomɛi fɛɛ ji nɔ ni China ŋaalee fiɔ he. Jeee akɛ United States nyɛɛɛ ekɛ ehe ato China he yɛ nibii tamɔ oketekei ni yaa oya, lɛlɛfeemɔ, sarawa hewalɛ, kɛ tsɔnei heei ni akɛ hewalɛ tsuɔ nii lɛ amli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ kɔɔyɔŋ lɛlɛ he nitsumɔ ni ji nɔ ni United States kɛ ehe fɔ̃ɔ nɔ fe fɛɛ yɛ je lɛŋ lɛ po mli lɛ, China etsɔ hiɛ etsɔ hiɛ. Yɛ chip he nitsumɔ ni United States nyiɛɔ hiɛ be fɛɛ be lɛ mli lɛ, ja chip fioo komɛi ni jara wa ni yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ lolo lɛ, eshwɛ fioo ni China baaye chip nitsumɔhei krokomɛi ni jara wa waa kɛ jarayeli hei krokomɛi anɔ. Boston Dynamics po, ni efee robot gbeei afii nyɔŋmai abɔ nɛ lɛ, China Yushu Technology lɛ etsɔ hiɛ amrɔ nɔŋŋ. China kɛ United States kɛ amɛhe miiwo tawuu mli yɛ nilee ni akɛfee nii lɛ he, shi beni DeepSeek lɛ ba lɛ, shihilɛ lɛ miitsake kɛmiiya gbɛ ni haa China hi jogbaŋŋ nɔ.

Nɔ ni ji enyɔ lɛ, jeŋ nilee kɛ tsɔnei ahe nilee ni elaaje yɛ United States lɛ miifee nɔ ni yɔɔ faŋŋ waa. Taakɛ wɔ fɛɛ wɔle lɛ, United States shweremɔ lɛ jɛ anɔkwale ni eji akɛ United States ebatsɔ jeŋ muu fɛɛ talentai ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ afii 100 ni eho lɛ amli lɛ hewɔ. Talɛntai ni jɛ je lɛŋ hei srɔtoi lɛ efã kɛba United States ni amɛye amɛbua waa yɛ Amerika jeŋ nilee kɛ ŋaa nitsumɔ mli hiɛyaa mli. Yɛ amɛteŋ lɛ, Chinese nikaselɔi, Chinese-Amerika jeŋ nilelɔi, kɛ Chinese-Amerika ŋaa he niiamlitaolɔi etsu nii jogbaŋŋ fe fɛɛ ni amɛji Amerika jeŋ nilee kɛ ŋaa he asraafoi lɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔi. Shi kɛlɛ, yɛ nyɛsɛɛ afii nɛɛ amli lɛ, maŋkwramɔŋ béi ni yaa nɔ yɛ United States lɛ mli ewo wu, maŋ lɛ mli egbala waa, ni hewolonɔ su mli béi etee hiɛ waa. Titri lɛ, mɛi ni jɛ Chinese, ni Chinese nikaselɔi, Chinese kɛ Chinese-Amerika niiamlitaolɔi fata he lɛ, ji mɛi ni ajie amɛyi yɛ United States. Nɔ ni fe fɛɛ lɛ, bɔni afee ni amɛfo gbɛi ni atsɔɔ nɔ atsakeɔ jeŋ nilee kɛ ŋaalee nibii amli yɛ China kɛ United States teŋ lɛ, jeee akɛ Amerika maŋkwralɔi lɛ etsĩ Amerika ŋaalee nibii ni akɛyaa China lɛ pɛ naa, shi moŋ amɛtsi talentai ni China kɛ United States kɛ amɛhe tsakeɔ lɛ hu naa. Amerika nɔyeli lɛ hu efo Chinese nikaselɔi, Chinese kɛ Chinese-American jeŋ nilelɔi kɛ tsɔnei ahe nilelɔi ni jɛ Chinese shihilɛ mli lɛ anaa ni eye amɛ awui, jeee akɛ etsĩ amɛ hiɛyaa gbɛi lɛ anaa ni egu amɛ ni amɛkahiɛ nitsumɔi ni he hiaa yɛ US nɔyeli lɛ kɛ nitsumɔhei amli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ etsĩ amɛ nikasemɔ kɛ nitsumɔ he gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ naa yɛ United States. Jeŋ nilee kɛ tsɔne he nikasemɔi wuji komɛi guɔ nikaselɔi ni jɛ Chinese lɛ anaa yɛ faŋŋ mli akɛ amɛkakase nii, ni jeŋ nilee mli niiamlitaomɔi kɛ ŋaa nitsumɔi kɛ nitsumɔhei babaoo ni he hiaa lɛ egbeleee ahaaa Chinese nikaselɔi kɛ Chinese kɛ Chinese-Amerikabii. China nikaselɔi kɛ Chinese kɛ Chinese-Amerikabii miihao waa yɛ amɛ nikasemɔ, nitsumɔ kɛ shihilɛ mli yɛ United States. Yɛ nyɛsɛɛ afii nɛɛ amli lɛ, Chinese nikaselɔi kɛ Chinese kɛ Chinese-Amerika jeŋ nilelɔi kɛ ŋaa nitsulɔi babaoo ehala akɛ amɛbaashi United States ni amɛya je lɛŋ hei srɔtoi fɛɛ. Yɛ amɛteŋ lɛ, jeŋ nilelɔi komɛi ehala akɛ amɛbaaku amɛsɛɛ amɛya China koni amɛyasɔmɔ amɛmaŋ lɛ. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Nitsɔɔlɔ Yin Zhiyao, ni ji Shanghai Advanced Micro-Semiconductor Equipment Co., Ltd. lɛ sɛinɔtalɔ kɛ sɛinɔtalɔ, ni ku esɛɛ kɛtee China yɛ afi 2004 koni eyaje nitsumɔ shishi lɛ kɛɛ be ko akɛ yɛ afii 40 ni eho lɛ mli lɛ, United States efee kɛ hoo lɛ majimaji ateŋ semiconductor equipment henɔi 10 ni%7 ni Chinese nikaselɔi lɛ fee, ni nɛkɛ talentai nɛɛ ateŋ 80% kɛyashi 90% eku amɛsɛɛ amɛba China ni amɛtsu gbɛfaŋnɔ ko ni he hiaa waa yɛ nitsumɔi srɔtoi amli. Nɔkwɛmɔnɔ ni sɛinɔtalɔ Yin Zhiyao tsɛ yisɛɛ lɛ tsɔɔ bɔ ni talentai ni elaaje yɛ United States lɛ yɔɔ ha lɛ pɛ. Taakɛ saji ni jɛ Stanford University ni yɔɔ United States lɛ mli lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, Chinese jeŋ nilelɔi ni shiɔ United States lɛ ayibɔ etee hiɛ fiofio kɛjɛ 900 kɛtee 2,621 yɛ afi 2010 kɛ afi 2021. Nibii amlitaomɔ ko ni U.S. adafitswaa woji fee lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ yɛ Chinese jeŋ nilelɔi ni fa fe 1,300 ateŋ lɛ, amɛteŋ 61% miisumɔ ni amɛshi United States lolo. Nibii ni ahala lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ United States ji maŋ ni yɔɔ jeŋ nilelɔi ni he esa fe fɛɛ yɛ je lɛŋ lolo moŋ, shi eyibɔ miiya hiɛ waa, ni jeŋ nilelɔi ni he esa fe fɛɛ ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ ni China ji amɛnɔ lɛ ayibɔ miiho United States he.

Nɔ ni ji etɛ lɛ, U.S. nɔyeli lɛ tsiɔ U.S. tɛknɔlɔji nitsumɔhe lɛ naa waa. Dani US baaje tɛknɔlɔji ta shishi eshi China lɛ, nitsumɔ mlijaa ni yɔɔ China kɛ US teŋ yɛ chip nitsumɔ mli lɛ mli ka shi faŋŋ waa, ni ji akɛ, US ji mɔ ni feɔ chip nibii ahe mfoniri kɛ amɛfeemɔ, ni China ji mɔ ni kɛ je lɛŋ jara ni da fe fɛɛ ha US chip nitsumɔhe lɛ. Shi kɛlɛ, tsɔnei ahe nilee ta ni U.S. kɛ China je shishi lɛ fite nɛkɛ gbɛjianɔtoo nɛɛ. Bɔni afee ni China chip nitsumɔhe lɛ aya hiɛ lɛ, U.S. lɛ kɛ gbɛjianɔtoi tamɔ kpoku bibioo ko ni gbogboi ni kwɔlɔ yɔɔ nɔ lɛ maa, ni egu chips ni jara wa waa ni akɛyaa China lɛ. Jeee akɛ nɛkɛ nifeemɔ nɛɛ nyɛ China nɔ koni etsu nii waa, ekɛ ehe afɔ̃ ehe nɔ, ni ekwɛ ehe nɔ yɛ chip nitsumɔ lɛ mli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ egbala China jarayelihe wulu lɛ kɛjɛ U.S. chip nitsumɔhe lɛ mli kwraa, ni eha U.S. chip nitsumɔhei lɛ bɛ nɔ ko nɔ ko akɛ ja amɛmiihoso China jarayelihe lɛ. Kɛji akɛ U.S. chip nitsumɔhei lɛ yɛ chips ni etee hiɛ ni nyiɛ China ŋaalee hiɛ po lɛ, yɛ mɛi ni heɔ nibii ni fa bɔ ni sa ni bɛ China jarayelihe lɛ hewɔ lɛ, nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ United States chips ni etee hiɛ lɛ enáaa sɛɛnamɔ dɔŋŋ, ni ebaanyɛ ebatsɔ nibii ni akɛwulaa shi pɛ. Kɛjɛ be mli ni United States je tsɔnei ahe nilee he ta eshi China lɛ, jeee akɛ China tsɔnei ahe nilee nitsumɔhe ni chip nitsumɔhe lɛ damɔ shi kɛha lɛ lɛ enaaa naagbai ni mli wa kɛkɛ, shi moŋ ebafee nɔ ni mli wa waa. China chips ni lɛ diɛŋtsɛ efee yɛ ŋwɛigbɛ fɛɛ, ni nɔ ni fata he ji nɔ ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ, nɔ ni nɔ kwɔ kɛ nɔ ni yɔɔ shishigbɛ lɛ, jeee akɛ etsu maŋ lɛ mli jarayeli nibii ni ataoɔ lɛ ahe nii babaoo kɛkɛ, shi moŋ ena nibii ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ daa afi lɛ amli shweremɔ babaoo hu. Yɛ afi 2024 lɛ, China chip ni ekɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ fe yuan triliɔn kome, ni enɛ ha je lɛŋ fɛɛ naa kpɛ ehe. Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ enɛ lɛ, sɛɛnamɔ ni chip nitsumɔhe lɛ kɛ chip nitsumɔhei babaoo ni yɔɔ United States lɛ náa lɛ eba shi kwraa, amɛfite nibii babaoo, ni amɛbɛ hewalɛ ni amɛkɛbaatsu nii. Nibii ni ahala lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, Intel, ni ji chip nitsumɔhe ko ni ale waa yɛ United States lɛ, ná shika ni fe dɔlai akpekpei toi akpei 54.228 daa afi yɛ afi 2023 mli, ni eji shika ni baa shi 14.00% yɛ afi fɛɛ afi mli, ni shika ni ená lɛ ji dɔlai akpekpei toi akpei 1.689, ni ji shika ni baa shi yɛ afi fɛɛ afi mli lɛ ji 78.92%. Yɛ afi 2024 mli fã ni ji enyɔ lɛ mli lɛ, Intel shika ni ená lɛ ji U.S. dɔlai akpekpei toi akpei 12.833, ni ji afi kɛ afi ni eba shi 0.90%; efitemɔ fɛɛ ji U.S. dɔlai akpekpei toi akpei 1.610, ni ekɛ sɛɛnamɔ ni ená yɛ afi 2023 be kome too lɛ nɔŋŋ mli lɛ kpãaa gbee kwraa. efitemɔ fɛɛ ni efite lɛ ji U.S. dɔlai akpekpei toi akpei 16.639, ni ji afi fɛɛ afi nɔ ni eba shi 5702.36%. Nɔkwɛmɔnɔ kroko hu ji akɛ, Qualcomm, ni ji chip nitsumɔhe kroko ni yɔɔ United States lɛ, titri lɛ, China jarayeli lɛ fite yɛ afi 2023 shishijee gbɛ yɛ United States chip ni akɛyaa maŋsɛɛ lɛ he naatsii ni egbɛ eshwa lɛ hewɔ, ni China ji he ni ekɛ shika ni fe 60% ni enáa lɛ jɛɔ. Qualcomm sɛɛnamɔ ni ená yɛ afi 2023 mli fã ni ji enyɔ lɛ mli lɛ ba shi 52% kɛjɛ afi kɛ afi mli, ni ekɛ yinɔsane mli nɔ ni baa shi fe fɛɛ ba yɛ afii ni eho nɛɛ amli. Intel kɛ Qualcomm tamɔ nɛkɛ, ni Nvidia kɛ AMD hu jeee nɔ ko ni jeɔ kpo. Amɛji U.S. chip nitsumɔhe muu lɛ fɛɛ mli nɔ ko bibioo ko amrɔ nɛɛ. Tɛknɔlɔji ta ni U.S. nɔyeli lɛ je shishi lɛ eha amɛfite China jarayeli lɛ, ni no eha amɛfite sɛɛnamɔ ni amɛnáa kɛjɛɔ mli lɛ kɛ kanyamɔ ​​ni haa amɛyaa hiɛ lɛ. Tɛknɔlɔji ta ni United States kɛ China je shishi lɛ efite China nɔ ko kwraa, shi haomɔ ni ekɛba Amerika tɛknɔlɔji nitsumɔhei lɛ anɔ lɛ ji nɔ ni anaa kɛ hiŋmɛi.

Te shika he ta lɛ náa United States nɔ hewalɛ eha tɛŋŋ?

Yɛ United States gbɛjianɔtoo ni ekɛtsiɔ China naa lɛ mli lɛ, shika he ta ni ajeɔ shishi lɛ ji tutuamɔ tawuu nii ni yɔɔ gbeyei waa. United States eto eyiŋ akɛ ebaaje shika he ta eshi China, etswa China shikpɔji kɛ tsũi, efo RMB lɛ mli kuku, ni ekɛtsi China shikatoohe lɛ naa, koni enyɛ eshɛ oti ni ma ehiɛ akɛ ebaatsi China shika helɛtemɔ mli hiɛyaa naa lɛ he yɛ be mli ni ekpaa China nibii lɛ.

Akɛni RMB shikatoohe lɛ gbelemɔ gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ ji nɔ ni yaa nɔ fiofio ni China nɔyeli lɛ kudɔɔ hewɔ lɛ, ni China nɔyeli lɛ ema shika helɛtemɔ he la ni mli wa hewɔ lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛɛ akɛ China shika helɛtemɔ jarayeli lɛ ji nɔ ni anyɛɛɛ aye nɔ kunim. Yɛ nɛkɛ shihilɛ nɛɛ mli lɛ, bɔ ni United States shika tutuamɔ ni ekɛtutua China lɛ tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ ehaa lɛ faaa kwraa, ni yɛ gbɛi babaoo nɔ po lɛ, ekɛ nɔ ni United States kpaa gbɛ lɛ kpãaa gbee kwraa. Abaanyɛ akɛɛ akɛ United States tu ehe tu yɛ enane mli.

Yɛ be mli ni shiai ahe jarayeli yaa hiɛ waa yɛ China lɛ, gbɔmɛi na akɛ United States tee nɔ eha Chinese shiai ahe nitsumɔhei ni yɔɔ maŋsɛɛ lɛ ayibɔ tee hiɛ kɛtsɔ nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ majimaji ateŋ shika nitsumɔhei ni ekwɛɔ nɔ lɛ nɔ, ni ebɔ mɔdɛŋ ni efo bu ni ekɛ nyɔmɔwoo tsɔnei aha Chinese shiai ahe nitsumɔhei lɛ. Shi kɛlɛ, China nɔyeli lɛ etsɔɔ shikpɔŋ kɛ tsũi ahe jarayeli lɛ mli momo ni ekɛ gbɛjianɔtoi ni teɔ shi woɔ shihilɛi ni yaa nɔ lɛ etsu nii yɛ be mli ni shiai ahe jarayeli lɛ yaa hiɛ waa lɛ. Yɛ amɛteŋ lɛ, atsĩ maŋ lɛ mli shiai ahe nitsumɔhei wuji komɛi anaa koni amɛkatsɔ nyɔmɔwoo kɛ gbɛi krokomɛi anɔ amɛgbɛ amɛshwã maŋsɛɛ shwilafoi, ni no ha China shiai ahe jarayeli ni baanyɛ akumɔ shi yɛ maŋsɛɛ nyɔmɔwoo he tsɔnei ahewɔ lɛ tsi amɛhe kɛjɛ he. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ, bɔni afee ni China shikatoohe lɛ afee kuku lɛ, yɛ gbɛ kome nɔ lɛ, United States kɛ niiamlitaomɔi ni esaaa tsu nii yɛ China shikatoohe lɛ he susumɔi ahe ni ekɛ amaniɛbɔi ni esaaa ha koni ekɛtsi Chinese nitsumɔhei ni aŋmala amɛgbɛi awo United States lɛ anaa, ni no ha A-share jarayeli lɛ ba shi. Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, United States, kɛtsɔ majimaji ateŋ nitsumɔhei komɛi ni kwɛɔ nibii amli ni United States kudɔɔ lɛ nɔ lɛ, kɛ amale amaniɛbɔi ni ejaaa ni tsɔɔ China shika helɛtemɔ, China nitsumɔhei kɛ shikatoohe lɛ shi lɛ ha, ni ebɔ mɔdɛŋ ni elaka majimaji ateŋ shikatoohei lɛ koni amɛshi China shikatoohe lɛ. Shi kɛlɛ, China shika helɛtemɔ nitsumɔ ni sa kadimɔ waa, ni ji nɔ pɛ ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ lɛ eha U.S. shishiumɔ ni akɛbaafee A-share jarayeli lɛ kuku lɛ mli efo. Yɛ nakai beaŋ nɔŋŋ lɛ, A-share jarayeli lɛ da ni eyɛ shika wolɔi babaoo. Kɛfata he lɛ, mɔ fɛɛ mɔ le U.S. Sima Zhao yiŋtoo lɛ jogbaŋŋ. No hewɔ lɛ, mɔdɛŋ ni U.S. lɛ bɔ koni ekɛ A-share jarayeli lɛ afee kuku lɛ eyeee omanye. China A-share jarayelihe lɛ tsuɔ nii lolo yɛ gbɛjianɔtoo kɛ hegbɛ nɔ yɛ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ egbɛjianɔtoo kɛ gbɛ ni etsɔɔ nɔ etsuɔ ​​nii lɛ naa.

Nɔ titri ni United States shweɔ waa yɛ shika he ta ni ekɛ China jeɔ shishi lɛ mli ji ni ekɛtsi RMB shika tsakemɔ lɛ naa kɛtsɔ dɔlai ni mli wa nɔ, koni ekɛ China shika lɛ atsu nii ni ekɛkpa China nibii lɛ. United States heɔ eyeɔ akɛ, be fɛɛ be ni ebaawo shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔ ni ekɛ shika ni fa babaoo ba lɛ, ebaanyɛ eha shika ni jɛ je lɛŋ hei srɔtoi fɛɛ, ni China fata he lɛ aba United States. No hewɔ lɛ, kɛjɛ March 2022 lɛ, United States eje shika ni akɛwoɔ shika mli lɛ nɔyaa hee shishi. Eyɛ mli akɛ klɛŋklɛŋ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mliyaa fioo lɛ ha RMB lɛ jara ba shi moŋ, shi eshwɛ fioo ni amɛnáaa China shika ni hoɔ lɛ nɔ hewalɛ ko kwraa. Nɔ ni jɛ mli ba ji akɛ, Federal Reserve lɛ wo shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔ yɛ yiwalɛ gbɛ nɔ, ni enɛ ha United States nyɛ ehiɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mli ni miihe ashɛ 6% afii enyɔ, ni enɛ ha shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔyaa hee ba yɛ Federal Reserve lɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ he yinɔsane mli. Eyɛ mli akɛ be ko ni eho lɛ, RMB shika tsakemɔ lɛ jara ni baa shi lɛ fe 17% yɛ Federal Reserve lɛ yiwalɛ nyɔmɔwoo ni yaa hiɛ kɛ dɔla ni mli wa lɛ hewalɛ shishi moŋ, shi nɔ ni United States kpaaa gbɛ ji akɛ, kɛ akɛto majimaji ateŋ shika krokomɛi ahe lɛ, RMB shika tsakemɔ lɛ ji hiɛnyiɛlɔ ni yɔɔ shiŋŋ fe fɛɛ lolo. Nɔ ni haa United States nijiaŋ jeɔ wui titri ji akɛ, jeee akɛ China maŋtiase lɛ eyaaa United States kɛkɛ, shi moŋ egbala jeŋ muu fɛɛ shika kɛba mli.Yɛ ​​nyɛsɛɛ afii nɛɛ amli lɛ, China ji maji ni gbalaa maŋsɛɛ shika babaoo kɛbaa lɛ ateŋ ekome. China jarayeli wulu lɛ, maŋkwramɔŋ shihilɛ ni yɔɔ shiŋŋ, hiɛyaa ni yaa hiɛ oya, nyɛmɔi wuji, kɛ jarayeli shihilɛ ni yaa hiɛ ni eyaa hiɛ lɛ eha China ebafee he ko ni majimaji ateŋ maŋtiase lɛ sumɔɔ waa. Yɛ nɛkɛ shihilɛ nɛɛ mli lɛ, jeee akɛ China nyiɛɛɛɛ United States sɛɛ yɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔyaa mli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ ekɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mlifomɔ tee gbɛ ni kɛ United States lɛ kpãaa gbee lɛ nɔ. China shika helɛtemɔ he gbɛjianɔtoo, China shika he gbɛjianɔtoo, kɛ China shika helɛtemɔ he gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ enaaa nɔ ko nɔ ko yɛ United States shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔyaa babaoo kɛ shika he gbɛjianɔtoo ni mli wa lɛ he.

Ŋmɛnɛ, dɔlai ni mli wa lɛ nyɛɛɛ ahi shi dɔŋŋ. Yɛ afi 2024 lɛ, United States kɛ tsuishitoo etsu nii ni ekɛba shika ni akɛwoɔ shika mli lɛ nɔ, ni enɛ kɛ United States ewo haomɔ mli. Kɛji akɛ United States kpa shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mlifomɔ ni etee nɔ ehiɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ, shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ he jatsu ni tsii lɛ baaha ewa aha Amerika nitsumɔhei kɛ U.S. nɔyeli lɛ akɛ amɛaatere. Okɛ U.S. nɔyeli lɛ afee nɔkwɛmɔnɔ. Nyɔmɔ ni U.S. nɔyeli lɛ hiɛ amrɔ nɛɛ fa fe U.S. dɔlai triliɔn 35. Yɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ nyɔmɔ amrɔ nɛɛ naa lɛ, esa akɛ U.S. nɔyeli lɛ afite shika ni shɛɔ U.S. dɔlai triliɔn 2 yɛ nyɔmɔwoo he nyɔmɔwoo he daa afi, shi U.S. nɔyeli lɛ shika ni enáa daa afi lɛ ji U.S. dɔlai triliɔn 4 pɛ. Shika babaoo ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ ji jatsu ko ni U.S. nɔyeli lɛ kɛ Amerika nitsumɔhei lɛ nyɛɛɛ atere momo, no hewɔ lɛ shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔ ni abaafo lɛ baafee nɔ ko ni Federal Reserve lɛ baafee ni enyɛŋ eye ebua. Shi, kɛji akɛ Fed lɛ tee nɔ efo shika ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ, shika ni ji dɔlai ni he wa lɛ baafite egbɛhe, ni majimaji ateŋ shika babaoo baaje United States, ni no baaha U.S. shika helɛtemɔ lɛ atsɔ lá. Kɛji akɛ shika ni ji dɔlai lɛ fã lɛ, ekolɛ shika ni ji dɔlai lɛ nɔyeli lɛ sɛɛ efooo kɔkɔɔkɔ, ni mɔdɛŋ ni United States bɔ koni ekɛkpa je lɛ kɛtsɔ shika ni ebaafee lɛ nɔ lɛ baafee nɔ ni wa akɛ aaatsu he nii.

Abaanyɛ akɛɛ akɛ shika he ta ni United States kɛ China je shishi lɛ yɛ hewalɛ gbonyo ni yaa shɔŋŋ waa yɛ United States nɔ, ni hewalɛ gbonyo ni ebaaba United States nɔ lɛ baaje kpo faŋŋ be mli ni U.S. shika helɛtemɔ lɛ baa shi lɛ.