Nukae do tso USA ƒe ganyawo ƒe aʋawɔwɔ kple China me?

(Wogbugbɔ tae tso Oriental Finance Magazine ƒe nuŋlɔɖi si dziɖuɖua da asi ɖo me, si Yan Ansheng, si nye Hong Kong Journal Media Association ƒe zimenɔla ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ ta.)

Tso ƒe 2025 me la, China kple United States ƒe asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa gasẽ ɖe edzi, eye fefe si wowɔna le adzɔxexe, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya, kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔwo me ɖee fia be dzrewɔwɔ le mɔ vovovowo nu. Akpa eveawo dze dzre sesẽwo gɔme le nuto veviwo abe semiconductorwo, ŋusẽʋu yeyewo, kple agbledede ene ŋu. Le April 2, 2025 dzi la, Amerika dziɖuɖua ɖe gbeƒãe be yeade "reciprocal tariff" ɖe Chinatɔwo ƒe adzɔnu siwo woɖona ɖe United States dzi, eye adzɔ si woaxe na wo anye 34%. Ne wotsɔ 20% ƒe adzɔxexe tso ƒe 2018 me kpe ɖe eŋu la, adzɔxexe ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme bliboa ɖo 54%. China menyo wu boo o. Le April 4 lia dzi la, China to adzɔxexe ƒe ɖoɖo si nye "34% va ɖo 34%" vɛ kaba, eye wòde adzɔ 34% ɖe adzɔnu siwo katã wotsɔ tso United States tso duta vɛ dzi, si lɔ agblemenukuwo, ŋusẽ, ʋuwo kple agble bubuwo ɖe eme. Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, China tsɔ United States ƒe dɔwɔƒe 16 de nusiwo wodɔna ɖa dzi kpɔkpɔ ƒe xexlẽdzesiwo me, eye wòxe mɔ ɖe nusiwo wozãna zi eve ƒe dɔdɔ na wo nu; eye wòtsɔ dɔwɔƒe 11 de dɔwɔƒe siwo dzi womate ŋu aka ɖo o ƒe ŋkɔwo me, si xe mɔ na wo be woagawɔ nusiwo wotsɔ tso duta vɛ kple esiwo wotsɔ yi duta ƒe dɔwɔnawo kple China o. Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, China tɔ te United States dɔwɔƒe 6 ƒe agblemenukuwo ɖoɖo ɖe China ƒe dzesidewo, eye wòwɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nusiwo wodɔna ɖa ŋu le nusiwo do ƒome kple anyigba si mebɔ o siwo le titina kple esiwo kpekpe ŋu.

Le China kple United States ƒe asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔ ƒe ɣeyiɣi mamlɛtɔ me la, míate ŋu akpɔe be China ƒe afɔɖeɖe siwo wòwɔ tsɔ tsi tre ɖe eŋu la le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe edzi. Eyata amekae aɖu China kple United States ƒe ganyawo ƒe aʋawɔwɔa dzi mlɔeba? Mesesẽ be woaƒo nya ta to China kple United States ƒe ganyawo ŋuti hoʋiʋli si le edzi yim tso ƒe 2018 me la me toto o.

Aleke gbegbee asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe United States dzii?

Le ƒe 2018 me la, Trump ƒe dziɖuɖu si nye United States ƒe dukplɔla ɣemaɣi la dze asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔ gɔme kple China, si gasẽ ɖe edzi le Biden ƒe dziɖuɣi. Gake le ƒe adre megbe la, menye ɖeko United States mete ŋu ɖo eƒe taɖodzinu siwo wònɔ mɔ kpɔm na gbɔ ko o, ke ebu nu geɖe, kuxiwo, eye wòɖe eƒe akɔta amamawo ɖe go. United States ƒe asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa megblẽ nu boo aɖeke le China ŋu o, gake nusiwo gblẽ le United States ŋutɔ ŋu la sɔ gbɔ sã wu alesi Amerikatɔwo kpɔ mɔe, si dzena le akpa siwo gbɔna me koŋ.

Gbã la, Amerika dunyahelawo kpe fu le susu me ƒoƒo si tɔgbe medzɔ kpɔ o. Le asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa katã me la, China ƒe duta asitsatsa nyo ɖe edzi le nusianu me, eye woate ŋu agblɔ be zi alesi aʋawɔwɔa le edzi yim la, zi nenemae wòsẽnae. Negbe ŋusẽ si asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa kpɔ ɖe nusiwo wodɔna ɖa dzi le gɔmedzedzea me ko la, China ƒe duta asitsatsa ƒe liƒolili ƒe ɖoɖoa wɔ akpa aɖe le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ŋutɔ me. To ŋusẽdodo nuwɔwɔ aduadu kple asitɔtrɔ kple mɔ̃wo kple mɔnuwo abe RCEP, Belt and Road Initiative, kple BRICS dukɔwo me la, China ɖo vovototo si le asitsatsa kple United States dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me la teƒe kaba, eye wòle ŋgɔ yim le mɔa katã dzi, eye duta asitsatsa yi edzi le dzidzim ɖe edzi ƒe sia ƒe. Dziɖuɖumegãwo ƒe nyatakakawo ɖee fia be China ƒe nusiwo wòdɔna ɖa aɖo yuan triliɔn 25 le ƒe 2024 me, eye eƒe asitsatsa ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ gbɔ wu Amerika dɔlar triliɔn 1, si menye esi wònye gãtɔ kekeake le China ƒe nusiwo wòdɔna ɖa me ko o, ke enye gãtɔ kekeake le xexeame ƒe asitsatsa hã me. Le go ɖeka me la, le asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔ sia me la, Amerikatɔwo kpɔe be yewoƒe nɔƒe le China ƒe duta asitsatsa ƒe akpa dzi le to yim kabakaba. Le go bubu me la, esi Amerika dunyahelawo kpɔe be China ƒe duta asitsatsa le ŋgɔ yim ta la, woƒe mo wɔ yaa, eye susu me dzimaɖitsitsi kple ƒoƒo si wodo na wo la nye esi tɔgbe medzɔ kpɔ o.

Evelia, wohe ga ƒe asixɔxɔ le United States yi dzi eye esesẽ be woaɖe edzi akpɔtɔ, si gblẽ nu le Amerikatɔwo ŋu vevie. Asitsaʋa si Trump kple Biden si va xɔ ɖe eteƒe dze egɔme ɖe China ŋu la dze egɔme le esi wometsɔ dɔwɔƒewo ɖɔli wo nɔewo le United States o ta. Togbɔ be United States do alɔ Mexico, India, Vietnam kple dukɔ bubuwo ƒe wɔwɔ kple wo wɔwɔ vevie be woatsɔ aɖɔli Chinatɔwo ƒe adzɔnuwo hã la, adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ƒe akpa vevi siwo le dukɔ siawo me nɔ te ɖe China ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe nuzazãwo dzi vevie. Le nyateƒe me la, mɔkpɔkpɔ si le United States si be woaɖɔli nusiwo wotsɔ tso duta vɛ le India, Vietnam kple Mexico la bu akɔnta vodadatɔe ŋutɔ. Asitsaʋa si United States dze egɔme la mekpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe China ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ dzi boo o. Kura o, adzɔ siwo United States dea Chinatɔwo ƒe nusiwo wotsɔ tso duta vɛ dzi tẽ kple le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu la, wotsɔa Amerikatɔwo ƒe nuƒlelawo koŋ naa, eye wòva zu nusiwo koŋ gbɔ ga ƒe asixɔxɔ dzi ɖe edzi le United States la dometɔ ɖeka. Tso esime Trump ƒe dziɖuɖua dze asitsaʋa aɖe gɔme kple China, vevietɔ tso esime COVID-19 dɔvɔ̃a dze egɔme la, United States ƒe ga ƒe asixɔxɔ le dzi yim ɖaa, eye nusianu va xɔ asi wu. Togbɔ be United States dziɖuɖua wɔ afɔɖeɖe siwo gbɔ eme be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe enu abe deme gã ene hã la, ga ƒe asixɔxɔ meɖo taɖodzinu si woɖo be wòakpɔ edzi gbɔ kpɔ o. Amerika dukɔa le nyatoƒoe tom vevie, eye nutsotso kple ŋlɔmiwɔwɔ vovovowo ɖe United States dziɖuɖua ŋu nuwuwu meli na o. United States dziɖuɖua menɔ mɔ kpɔm na emetsonu sia o.

Etɔ̃lia, woɖe United States ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ ɖe go, eye adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔwo gagbɔdzɔ wu. Taɖodzinu siwo nɔ United States dziɖuɖua si be wòadze asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔ gɔme dometɔ ɖekae nye be yeahe adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ava United States eye yeana United States ƒe adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ dɔwɔƒea nagasẽ ŋu ake. Ke hã, nusi to vovo na emae dzɔ. Ne míebu nusiwo do tso ƒe adre kloe siwo va yi tso esime United States dze asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa gɔme ŋu la, menye ɖeko adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ megatrɔ yi United States o, ke wogblẽ United States ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ gbãtɔ hã me. Wogblẽ xexeame katã ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔwo mama ƒe ɖoɖo nyui si Amerika dɔwɔƒewo tu gbã la me. Nudzrala bubuwo didi xɔa ɣeyiɣi eye mate ŋu aɖo nuzazã gbãtɔ ƒe nyonyome kple gazazã nyuie gbɔ o. Gawu la, kakaɖedzimanɔamesi si asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa he vɛ hã na Amerika dɔwɔƒe geɖe le hehem ɖe megbe le nyametsotsowo abe gadodo kple kekeɖenudɔwo ene wɔwɔ me, si gblẽ nu le dɔwɔƒewo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔa ƒe ŋgɔyiyi si li ke ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Amerika dɔwɔƒe geɖe ɖoa ŋu ɖe nusiwo wotsɔ tso China vɛ ŋu vevie hena nu xoxowo, akpa aɖewo, kple bubuawo Tsɔ elektrɔnikmɔ̃wo ƒe dɔwɔƒea wɔ kpɔɖeŋui. China ye nye dukɔ vevitɔ si wɔa elektrɔnikmɔ̃ geɖe. Asitsaʋaa na wòsesẽna na Amerika dɔwɔƒe siwo do ƒome kplii be woakpɔ nusiwo li ke, si na gazazãwo dzina ɖe edzi eye wògblẽa nuwɔwɔ ƒe ŋgɔyiyi me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Apple le eƒe akpa aɖewo ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ me tom. Asitsaʋaa xe mɔ na dukɔa me adzɔnuwɔƒewo ƒe vava le United States, si gate gbe ɖe alesi United States ƒe adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ƒe dɔwɔƒea do le asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa me dzi.

Enelia, United States bu eƒe asitsatsa ƒe mɔnuwo katã le nudzraɖoɖo kple China me eye wòva le nusi mewɔa naneke o wum. Tso esime China va ge ɖe WTO me le ƒe 2001 me la, United States zãa nusi woyɔna be dadasɔmakpɔmakpɔ le China kple United States ƒe asitsatsa me zi geɖe tsɔ wɔa toheɖoɖowo ɖe China ŋu, si zi China dzi be wòaɖe asi le nu ŋu ahaɖe mɔ ɖe nu geɖe ŋu, abe alesi wòbia be woakpɔ ŋudzedze ɖe RMB ŋu eye wòbia tso China gɔ̃ hã si be wòakpe ɖe United States ŋu wòaɖe gakuxi la ɖa ene. Gake tsã la, United States ƒe toheɖoɖowo ɖina sesĩe gake womewɔa dɔ o, eye toheɖoɖo ŋutɔŋutɔwo mesɔ gbɔ o, eye viɖe siwo United States kpɔ tso China gbɔ la lolo ŋutɔ. Gake le ƒe 2018 me la, Trump dziɖuɖua vuvu United States dziɖuɖua ƒe gbotsetse aŋgba keŋkeŋ eye wòwɔ asitsatsa ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ siwo tɔgbe medzɔ kpɔ o ɖe China ŋu, eye wodze agbagba be yewoaxe mɔ ɖe China ƒe dɔwɔƒewo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi nu to asitsatsa me. Le asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔa megbe la, Trump dziɖuɖua kple esi va xɔ ɖe eteƒe, Biden dziɖuɖua hã dze mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ kple ganyawo ŋuti aʋawɔwɔ gɔme ɖe China ŋu, eye woti Chinatɔwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo yome le xexeame godoo hexe mɔ ɖe wo nu. Vaseɖe fifia la, woate ŋu agblɔ be mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe aɖaŋu si United States zã ɖe China ŋu la nye esi me ŋuɖɔɖɔɖo mele o, eye woƒo trump cards la. Asitsatsa ƒe mɔnu aɖeke megali o. Mlɔeba la, amedzidzedze kple nuveviwɔame ƒe afɔɖeɖe ɖeka kolia si United States ate ŋu awɔ ɖe China ŋue nye dutoƒonukpɔsusuwo tsɔtsɔ ƒo ɖii kple gbɔgbɔ vɔ̃wo wɔwɔ, gake wokpɔa wo gbɔ ɖekaɖeka to China ƒe ɖoɖo si nye be womaxɔ mɔɖegbalẽvi o dzi. Fifia, le ƒe adre kple edzivɔ ƒe asitsatsa ƒe aʋawɔwɔwo, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔwo, ganyawo ŋuti aʋawɔwɔwo, kple amewo ƒe nukpɔsusu ƒe aʋawɔwɔwo megbe la, kasia United States dziɖuɖua va kpɔe be yetrɔ tso nuwɔwɔ do ŋgɔ me va zu nusi mewɔa naneke o ne yedze ŋgɔ China.

Ŋusẽ kae mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔa kpɔ ɖe United States dzi?

Le ƒe 2018 me, esi United States dziɖuɖua dze asitsaʋa aɖe gɔme kple China vɔ la, edze mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ gɔme enumake eye wòwɔ ɖeka kple eƒe hadɔwɔlawo be woaxe mɔ na Chinatɔwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo le xexeame katã. Mɔ̃ɖaŋuʋa si United States dze egɔme kple China la xɔ ƒe ade kple edzivɔ, eye wòle dzidzim ɖe edzi ɣesiaɣi, gake China ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi ƒe ablaɖeɖe metɔ o, ke boŋ ele kabakabam ɖe edzi. Kura o, egblẽ nu le United States ŋutɔ ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi ŋu vevie.

Gbã la, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe viɖe si le United States ŋu la gbɔdzɔ. Le mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖe siwo United States ɖe ɖe China ŋu ta la, dukɔ eveawo mete ŋu ɖoa dze le dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me o. Le go ɖeka me la, eʋã China dziɖuɖua kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ kple asitsatsa ƒe ŋutete, eye wòwɔ ŋgɔyiyi gãwo le China ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me le goawo katã me. Le go bubu me la, United States le nu gblẽm le China ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi kabakaba ta. Ƒe 20 enye sia la, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe viɖewo katã kloe nɔ United States wu China, gake egbea la, China te ŋu lé United States kabakaba eye wòƒo United States ta gɔ̃ hã le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ ƒe akpa gãtɔ me. Egbea, negbe agble deŋgɔ ʋɛ aɖewo siwo wowɔna ɣeaɖewoɣi ko la, United States gakpɔtɔ lé eƒe viɖewo me ɖe asi, eye Chinatɔwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya bla akpa bubuawo katã kloe. Menye ɖeko United States mete ŋu tsɔa eɖokui sɔna kple China le nusiwo le abe ketekemɔ siwo zɔna kabakaba, meliwɔwɔ, elektrikŋusẽ, kple ʋu yeyewo me o, ke yamenutomeyimɔ̃ si nye dada na United States wu le xexeame gɔ̃ hã la, China xɔ ŋgɔ. Le chip ƒe akpa si United States xɔ ŋgɔ le ɣesiaɣi, negbe chip deŋgɔ ʋɛ aɖewo siwo ŋu viɖe gakpɔtɔ le ko la, China ye kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe chip dɔwɔƒe bubu siwo le titina kple esiwo le bɔbɔe dzi kple asiwo dzi kloe. Boston Dynamics, si le robot avuwo wɔm ƒe bla nanewoe nye sia gɔ̃ hã, China ƒe Yushu Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒo wo ta enumake. China kple United States le aʋa hem le nunya wɔwɔ me, gake esi DeepSeek do la, nɔnɔmea le tɔtrɔm ɖe mɔ si le nyonyom na China geɖe wu nu.

Evelia, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋutete siwo bu le United States va le dzedzem dzedzem geɖe wu. Abe alesi mí katã míenyae ene la, United States ƒe nudzedziname tso nyateƒe si wònye be United States va zu xexeame katã ƒe ŋutetewo ƒe ʋeʋẽ lilili le ƒe 100 siwo va yi me gbɔ. Talentu siwo tso xexeame ƒe akpa vovovowo ʋu va United States eye wowɔ akpa gã aɖe le Amerikatɔwo ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi me. Le wo dome la, China sukuviwo, China-Amerika dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo, kple China-Amerikatɔ mɔ̃ɖaŋu ŋuti numekulawo wɔ dɔ nyuie wu eye wonye Amerikatɔwo ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe asrafowo ƒe ŋgɔdolawo. Ke hã, le ƒe ʋɛ siwo va yi me la, dunyahehe me dzrewɔwɔ le United States va do gã ɖe edzi, hadomegbenɔnɔ me ma vevie, eye ameƒomevinyenye ƒe dzrehehewo nu sẽ ɖe edzi. Vevietɔ la, wowɔa vovototodedeameme ɖe ame siwo tso China, siwo dome China sukuviwo, Chinatɔwo kple China-Amerikatɔ numekulawo hã le ŋu geɖe wu le United States. Gawu la, be woatso dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe asitɔtrɔ ƒe mɔnu siwo le China kple United States dome la, menye ɖeko Amerika dunyahelawo xe mɔ ɖe Amerikatɔwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ɖoɖo ɖe China nu ko o, ke woxe mɔ ɖe ŋutetewo ƒe asitɔtrɔ le China kple United States dome hã nu. United States dziɖuɖua te China sukuviwo, China kple China-Amerika dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔla siwo tso China hã ɖe to koŋ heti wo yome, menye ɖeko wòxe mɔ na woƒe dodoɖeŋgɔ ƒe mɔnuwo eye wòxe mɔ na wo be woagaxɔ ɖoƒe veviwo le United States dziɖuɖua kple dɔwɔƒewo o, ke exe mɔ ɖe woƒe nusɔsrɔ̃ kple dɔwɔɖui ƒe kekeme hã nu le United States. Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋuŋutinunya ƒe nusɔsrɔ̃ vevi aɖewo xe mɔ na sukuvi siwo tso Chinatɔwo ƒe nusɔsrɔ̃ nu tẽ, eye dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me numekuku vevi geɖe kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo ƒe ɖoƒe kple dɔwɔƒewo meʋu na China sukuviwo kple Chinatɔwo kple China-Amerikatɔwo o. China sukuviwo kple Chinatɔwo kple China-Amerikatɔwo le fu ɖem na wo geɖe wu le woƒe nusɔsrɔ̃, dɔwɔwɔ kple agbenɔnɔ me le United States. Le ƒe ʋɛ siwo va yi me la, China sukuvi geɖe wu kple Chinatɔwo kple China-Amerikatɔwo ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo kpakple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo tiae be yewoadzo le United States ayi xexeame ƒe akpa sia akpa. Le wo dome la, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala aɖewo tiae be yewoatrɔ ayi China aɖasubɔ yewo denyigba. Le kpɔɖeŋu me Talentu siawo ƒe 90% trɔ gbɔ va China eye wowɔ akpa vevi aɖe le go vovovowo me. Ðeko sisiblisi bliboa ƒe dzedzeme sue aɖe, kpɔɖeŋu si Zimenɔla Yin Zhiyao yɔ la ɖe nɔnɔme si me ŋutetewo bu le United States le la fia. Nyatakaka siwo tso Stanford Yunivɛsiti le United States ɖee fia be Chinatɔ dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala siwo dzona le United States ƒe xexlẽme dzi ɖe edzi vivivi tso 900 va ɖo 2,621 le ƒe 2010 kple 2021. Numekuku aɖe si United States nyadzɔdzɔgblɔmɔnuwo wɔ ɖee fia be le Chinatɔ dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala siwo wu 1,300 dome la, wo dometɔ 61% gakpɔtɔ di be yewoadzo le United States. Nyatakakawo ɖee fia be togbɔ be United States gakpɔtɔ nye dukɔ si me dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala deŋgɔwo sɔ gbɔ wu le xexeame hã la, eƒe xexlẽme le gbegblẽm ɖe edzi, eye dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyala deŋgɔ siwo le xexeame ƒe xexlẽme si le China tɔ la le dzidzim ɖe edzi le United States.

Etɔ̃lia, United States dziɖuɖua xe mɔ na United States ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo vevie. Hafi United States nadze mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ gɔme kple China la, dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mama si le China kple United States dome le chip ƒe akpa dzi la me kɔ ŋutɔ, si fia be United States ƒe agbanɔamedzie wònye be wòawɔ chip-nuwɔnawo ahawɔ wo, eye China na nuƒlelawo ƒe asi gãtɔ kekeake le xexeame na United States ƒe chip-dɔwɔƒea. Gake mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ si United States dze China dzi la gblẽ nɔnɔme sia me. Be United States naxe mɔ ɖe China ƒe chip dɔwɔƒea ƒe ŋgɔyiyi nu la, ewɔ afɔɖeɖewo abe xɔxɔnu sue aɖe si ƒe gli kɔkɔwo tutu kple mɔxexe ɖe chip deŋgɔwo ɖoɖo ɖe China nu ene. Menye ɖeko afɔɖeɖe sia zi China dzi be wòawɔ dɔ sesĩe, aɖo ŋu ɖe eɖokui ŋu, eye wòakpɔ eɖokui dzi le chip-dɔa me ko o, ke eɖe China ƒe nuƒlelawo ƒe asi gã la ɖa keŋkeŋ tso United States ƒe chip-dɔwɔƒea gbɔ, si na naneke meganɔ United States chip-dɔwɔƒewo si wu hũɖeɖe ɖe China ƒe nuƒlelawo ƒe asi ŋu o. Ne chip deŋgɔ siwo do ŋgɔ na China ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya le United States ƒe chip dɔwɔƒewo si hã la, le asisi siwo sɔ ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ le China ƒe asi me ta la, viɖe si woyɔna be United States ƒe chip deŋgɔwo megakpɔa viɖe o eye atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo koe woate ŋu azu. Tso esime United States dze mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ gɔme kple China la, menye ɖeko China ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒe si chip dɔwɔƒea le tsitre ɖi na la mexɔ afɔku gã aɖeke o, ke boŋ esẽ ɖe edzi eye ŋusẽ le eŋu. Menye ɖeko China ƒe chips siwo wowɔna le wo ɖokui si le ɖoƒe ɖesiaɖe, siwo dome titina, kɔkɔ kple bɔbɔe hã le, kpɔ dukɔa me ƒe asitsalawo ƒe didi gbɔ ŋutɔ ko o, ke wokpɔ dzidziɖedzi gã aɖe le ƒe sia ƒe ƒe nusiwo wodɔna ɖa hã me. Le ƒe 2024 me la, China ƒe chip siwo wòɖo ɖe duta wu yuan triliɔn ɖeka, si wɔ nuku na xexeame ŋutɔ. Kura o, viɖe siwo chip-dɔwɔƒewo kple chip-wɔƒe geɖe kpɔna le United States dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, wobu nu geɖe, eye womewɔ ŋgɔyiyi le ŋgɔyiyi me o. Nyatakakawo ɖee fia be Intel, si nye chip dɔwɔƒe xɔŋkɔ aɖe le United States, ƒe ƒe sia ƒe gakpɔkpɔ nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 54.228 le ƒe 2023 me, ƒe sia ƒe ƒe ɖiɖi 14.00%, eye viɖe ŋutɔŋutɔ si nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 1.689, si nye ƒe sia ƒe ƒe ɖiɖi 78.92%. Le ƒe 2024 ƒe ɣleti ene evelia me la, Intel ƒe gakpɔkpɔ nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 12.833, si nye ƒe sia ƒe ƒe ɖiɖi 0.90%; eƒe nusiwo bu ŋutɔŋutɔ nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 1.610, si to vovo kura tso viɖe si wòkpɔ si nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 1.5 le ƒe 2023 ƒe ɣeyiɣi ma ke me. Le ƒe 2024 ƒe ɣleti etɔ̃lia me la, Intel ƒe gakpɔkpɔ nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 13.284, si nye ƒe sia ƒe ƒe ɖiɖi 6.17%; eƒe nusiwo bu ŋutɔŋutɔ nye Amerika dɔlar biliɔn 16.639, si nye ƒe sia ƒe ƒe ɖiɖi 5702.36%. Le kpɔɖeŋu bubu me la, Qualcomm, si nye chip wɔƒe bubu le United States, koŋ bu China ƒe asi le ƒe 2023 ƒe gɔmedzedze le United States ƒe chip dɔdɔ ƒe mɔxexeɖedɔa keke ta, eye China ye nye eƒe gakpɔkpɔ ƒe 60% kple edzivɔ tsoƒe. Qualcomm ƒe viɖe ŋutɔŋutɔ le ƒe 2023 ƒe ɣleti enelia me ɖiɖi ŋutɔ 52% ƒe sia ƒe, eye wòɖo ŋutinya me nusi bɔbɔ wu le ƒe ʋee siwo va yi me. Intel kple Qualcomm le alea, eye Nvidia kple AMD hã mele eme o. Wonye United States ƒe chip-dɔwɔƒe bliboa ƒe nu sue aɖe fifia. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ si United States dziɖuɖua dze egɔme la na be Chinatɔwo ƒe asi megale wo si o, si wɔe be womegakpɔa viɖetsoƒe kple nusi ʋãa wo be woagawɔ ŋgɔyiyi geɖe o. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe aʋawɔwɔ si United States dze China dzi la megblẽ nu boo aɖeke le China ŋu o, gake nublanuinya si wòhe vɛ na Amerika mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒewo la dzena kple ŋku dzro.

Aleke gbegbee ganyawo ƒe aʋawɔwɔa kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe United States dzii?

Le United States ƒe mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe aɖaŋu si wòwɔ ɖe China ŋu me la, ganyawo ŋuti aʋawɔwɔ nye amedzidzedze ƒe aʋawɔnu vɔ̃ɖi aɖe ŋutɔ. United States ɖoe be yeadze ganyawo ŋuti aʋawɔwɔ kple China, atɔ Chinatɔwo ƒe anyigbawo kple xɔwo, awɔ RMB ƒe asi kpuie, eye yeatsi Chinatɔwo ƒe gaxɔmenudzraƒewo nu, ale be yeaɖo taɖodzinu si nye be yeaxe mɔ ɖe China ƒe ganyawo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi nu esime yele Chinatɔwo ƒe nunɔamesiwo ŋem la gbɔ.

Esi wònye be RMB ƒe gaxɔgbalẽvia ʋuʋu ƒe ɖoɖoa nɔ ɖoɖo si dzi China dziɖuɖua kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖo vivivi me, eye China dziɖuɖua tu ganyawo ƒe dzodoƒe sesẽ aɖe ta la, woate ŋu agblɔ be womate ŋu aɖu China ƒe ganyawo ƒe asi dzi o. Le nɔnɔme sia ta la, United States ƒe ganyawo dzi dzedze ɖe China ŋu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ se ɖe afi aɖe ŋutɔ, eye le mɔ geɖe nu gɔ̃ hã la, eto vovo kura na nusi United States kpɔ mɔ na. Woate ŋu agblɔ be United States da tu eɖokui ɖe afɔ.

Le ɣeyiɣi si me aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe asi nɔ ŋgɔ yim le China me la, amewo kpɔe be United States yi edzi le Chinatɔwo ƒe anyigba kple xɔwo ƒe asitsahabɔbɔwo ƒe duta gagbalẽwo dzim ɖe edzi to amesiwo woyɔna be dukɔwo dome gadzikpɔƒe siwo dzi wòkpɔ ŋusẽ ɖo dzi, eye wòdze agbagba be yeaku dowo ahawɔ fenyinyi ƒe mɔ̃wo na Chinatɔwo ƒe aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe dɔwɔƒewo. Gake China dziɖuɖua gblɔ dukɔa me aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe asi ɖi xoxo eye wòwɔ sedziwɔwɔ ƒe afɔɖeɖe siwo tsi tre ɖe tsatsam ŋu le ɣeyiɣi si me aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe asitsatsa nɔ ŋgɔ yim ŋutɔ. Le wo dome la, woxe mɔ na dukɔa me aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe dɔwɔƒe gã aɖewo be woagakeke wo ɖokui ɖe enu ŋkumaʋumaʋui le duta to fenyinyi kple mɔnu bubuwo dzi o, si wɔe be woƒo asa na Chinatɔwo ƒe aƒewo kple anyigbawo ƒe asi si ate ŋu agbã le duta fenyinyi ƒe mɔ̃wo ta. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, be woate ŋu awɔ Chinatɔwo ƒe gaxɔmenu ƒe asi kpuie la, le go ɖeka me la, United States zã numekuku siwo mesɔ o le Chinatɔwo ƒe gaxɔmenu siwo wotsɔ susu wɔe ŋu eye wòɖe nyatakaka siwo medze o ɖe go tsɔ te Chinatɔwo ƒe dɔwɔƒe siwo ƒe ŋkɔ woŋlɔ ɖe United States la nu, si to esia me he A-gaxɔmenuawo ƒe asi yi anyime. Le go bubu me la, United States to dukɔwo dome dzesidedɔwɔƒe aɖewo siwo dzi United States kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖo dzi ɖe alakpa nyatakaka gbegblẽ siwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo siwo nɔ anyi kpoo le China ƒe ganyawo, China dɔwɔƒewo kple gaxɔmenudzraƒewo dzi, henɔ agbagba dzem be yeaflu dukɔwo dome gadelawo be woado le China ƒe gaxɔmenudzraƒea. Gake Chinatɔwo ƒe ganyawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖedzesi si nye ɖeka kolia le xexeame la na United States ƒe nugbeɖoɖo be yeawɔ A-share ƒe asi kpuie la me. Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, A-share ƒe asi lolo ŋutɔ eye gadelawo dometɔ geɖe le eme. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, U.S.tɔ Sima Zhao ƒe tameɖoɖowo nye nusi amesiame nya nyuie. Eyata agbagba si United States dze be yeawɔ A-share ƒe asi kpuie la medze edzi o. China ƒe A-share asi gakpɔtɔ le dɔ wɔm le ɖoɖo nu eye wòle eɖokui si le eya ŋutɔ ƒe ɣeyiɣi ƒe didime kple mɔzɔzɔ nu.

Nu vevitɔ si United States di le ganyawo ƒe aʋawɔwɔ kple China ŋue nye be yeatɔ te RMB ƒe asitɔtrɔ to dɔlar sesẽ aɖe dzi, ale be yeaxɔ Chinatɔwo ƒe ga ahaŋe Chinatɔwo ƒe nunɔamesiwo. United States xɔe se be zi alesi yedo deme ɖe dzi eye yehe dɔlar ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ vɛ ko la, yeate ŋu ana ga si tso xexeame ƒe akpa vovovowo, si me China hã le, nayi United States. Eyata tso March 2022 dzi la, United States dze deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ƒe ɣeyiɣi yeye aɖe gɔme. Togbɔ be deme dzi ɖeɖe ʋee gbãtɔwo na RMB ƒe asixɔxɔ ɖiɖi hã la, womekpɔ ŋusẽ aɖeke kloe ɖe Chinatɔwo ƒe fiadu ƒe sisi dzi o. Esia wɔe be Dukɔa ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã xɔ deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutasesẽtɔe, si na United States te ŋu lé deme si ade 6% kloe me ɖe asi ƒe eve, si na deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ yeye aɖe va le Dukɔa ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã ƒe deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ƒe ŋutinya me. Togbɔ be RMB ƒe asixɔxɔ ƒe ɖiɖi wu 17% tsã le Dukɔa ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã ƒe deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutasesẽtɔe kple dɔlar sesẽa ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ta hã la, nusi United States mekpɔ mɔ na o enye be, ne wotsɔe sɔ kple dukɔwo dome ga bubuwo la, RMB ƒe asitɔtrɔ ƒe asi gakpɔtɔ nye kplɔla si li ke wu. Nusi te ɖe United States dzi vevietɔ enye be menye ɖeko China ƒe fiadu mekɔ yi United States ko o, ke ehe xexeame katã ƒe ga vɛ be wòava ge ɖe eme.Le ƒe ʋɛ siwo va yi me la, China nye dukɔ siwo hea duta gadede asi wu la dometɔ ɖeka. China ƒe asi gã, dunyahehe ƒe nɔnɔme si li ke, ŋgɔyiyi kabakaba, ŋutete gã, kple asitsatsa ƒe nɔnɔme si le nyonyom ɖe edzi hele nyonyom ɖe edzi na China va le nu lém na dukɔwo dome fiadu geɖe wu. Le nɔnɔme sia ta la, menye ɖeko China medze United States yome le deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me o, ke boŋ eɖe deme dzi kpɔtɔ le mɔ si to vovo na United States tɔ nu. China ƒe ganyawo ƒe tsatsam, China ƒe ganyawo ŋuti ɖoɖowo, kple China ƒe fiadu ƒe sisi mekpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe United States ƒe deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ gã kple dɔlar ƒe ɖoɖo sesẽwo dzi o.

Egbea la, dɔlar sesẽa megate ŋu nɔa anyi ɖaa o. Le ƒe 2024 me la, United States tsɔ dzitsitsi ɖe afɔ si nye be yeaɖe deme dzi akpɔtɔ, si na United States ɖo kuxi sesẽ aɖe me. Ne United States dzudzɔ deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ eye wòyi edzi lé deme gã la me ɖe asi la, deme ƒe agba kpekpea ana wòasesẽ na Amerika dɔwɔƒewo kple United States dziɖuɖua be woatsɔe. Tsɔ United States dziɖuɖua wɔ kpɔɖeŋui. Fe si United States dziɖuɖua nyi fifia la ade United States dɔlar triliɔn 35. Le deme ƒe seƒe si li fifia nu la, ele be United States dziɖuɖua nazã ga si ade United States dɔlar triliɔn 2 ɖe fenyinyi ƒe deme ŋu ƒe sia ƒe, gake ga si United States dziɖuɖua kpɔna ƒe sia ƒe le ganyawo me nye Amerika dɔlar triliɔn 4 pɛ ko. Deme gbogboawo nye agba si womate ŋu ado dzi atsɔ o na United States dziɖuɖua kple Amerika dɔwɔƒewo xoxo, eyata deme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ anye afɔɖeɖe si Dukɔa ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã awɔ si mate ŋu ado dzi o. Gake ne Fed yi edzi le deme dzi ɖem kpɔtɔ la, dɔlar sesẽ la abu eƒe nɔƒe, eye dukɔwo dome ga ado le United States le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me, si ana United States ƒe ganyawo natsi ʋu. Ne dɔlar ƒe kuɖɔa nya gbã ko la, ɖewohĩ dɔlar ƒe dziɖuɖu magate ŋu atrɔ gbeɖe o, eye agbagba si United States adze be yeaŋe xexeame to dɔlar ƒe ƒutsotsoe aɖe wɔwɔ me la wɔwɔ asesẽ.

Woate ŋu agblɔ be ganyawo ŋuti aʋa si United States dze egɔme kple China la kpɔ ŋusẽ gbegblẽ gã aɖe ɖe United States dzi eye wòkeke ta, eye ŋusẽ gbegblẽ si wòakpɔ ɖe United States dzi la adze ƒã wu ne United States ƒe ganyawo le to yim.