Amerika irimo gukuraho ibicuruzwa bya miliyoni by'Abashinwa mu bubiko bwayo! Abagurisha muri iki cyiciro barimo "gupfa amaraso menshi"

Iyi nkuru yongeye gusohoka kuri konti rusange ya WeChat [Hugo Cross-Border]

Kuva mu 2025, mu gihe cy’amakimbirane mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi, ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga bw’Abashinwa bukorerwa mu bihugu bitandukanye bwahuye n’ibibazo byinshi. Uretse izamuka ry’ibiciro bitewe n’imisoro, iperereza ritandukanye rya Amerika, rivuga impungenge z’"umutekano w’igihugu", ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bagurisha mu bihugu bitandukanye.

Vuba aha, igikorwa cyakozwe na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Itumanaho muri Amerika (FCC) cyatumye miliyoni z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa bikurwa ku mbuga za interineti.

Ⅰ. Miliyoni z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa byakuwe mu bubiko

Reuters yatangaje ko ibiro bya Perezida wa Komisiyo Ishinzwe Itumanaho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Brendan Carr, byatangaje ko imbuga zikomeye zo muri Amerika zigurisha kuri interineti zakuyeho miliyoni z'ibicuruzwa by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa byari byarabujijwe mu bubiko bwabyo nk'igice cy'ingufu za FCC.

Muri iki gikorwa cyo gukuraho, porogaramu zikomeye zo muri Amerika zikora ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki nka Amazon, eBay, na Walmart zakuyeho ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ku bacuruzi b'Abashinwa, harimo kamera z'umutekano wo mu rugo na saa za elegitoroniki. Carr yavuze kandi ko ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa byakuweho byari ku rutonde rw'ibikoresho byabujijwe muri Amerika cyangwa bitaremejwe n'ikigo. FCC izagenzura kandi porogaramu zo muri interineti zikora ubucuruzi kugira ngo ikumire kongera gushyirwa ku rutonde rw'ibi bikoresho byabujijwe.

Iki gikorwa cya FCC bivugwa ko kigamije ibigo bizwi cyane by’ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa nka Huawei, ZTE, Hikvision, na Dahua Technology, byose byagize ingaruka ku kugurisha ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano muri Amerika.

Carr yagize ati: "FCC yavuze ko iki gikorwa gishingiye ku bibazo by'umutekano w'igihugu cya Amerika, ivuga ko izi mashini z'ikoranabuhanga z'Abashinwa zishobora kuneka Abanyamerika, zigahungabanya imiyoboro y'itumanaho, kandi zigateza ibindi bibazo ku mutekano w'igihugu cya Amerika."

Iki "kirego cy'ibinyoma" ntabwo gifite ishingiro, nyamara amasosiyete yo mu Bushinwa arimo guhura n'igihombo gikomeye kubera iyo mpamvu. Uku gukuraho ibicuruzwa kuri ubu bigira ingaruka ku masosiyete akomeye yo mu Bushinwa gusa. Hugo Cross-border, ishakisha amagambo ahinnye nka "camera" na "smartwatch" kuri Amazon US, yasanze ibicuruzwa byinshi bigurishwa n'abacuruzi bo mu Bushinwa byari bikiri ku rutonde kandi bitarakurwaho.

Itangazamakuru ryo mu mahanga ryatangaje ko ibicuruzwa byakuweho byari byinshi, birimo ibyiciro nka videwo zigenzura (nka kamera, kamera z'umutekano za Wi-Fi, na kamera z'ingobyi); ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byambarwa bifite ubushobozi bwo gutumanaho (nka saa zigezweho n'amasaha yo gukurikirana abana); ibikoresho bya interineti (nka rutare zitagira umugozi); n'ibikoresho bito (nka ingufuri z'inzugi n'ibikoresho byo kuri interineti).

Ariko, igihe n'ingano y'iyi gahunda yo kurwanya FCC ntibiramenyekana, ariko ukurikije imbaraga zayo ubu, birashoboka ko izagira ingaruka ku bandi bagurisha ibicuruzwa by'Abashinwa bagurisha ibifitanye isano.

Ⅱ. Ikibazo cyo gusiba ku rutonde ntikirakemuka, abagurisha bagomba kuba maso!

Mu by’ukuri, ubwo guverinoma ya Amerika yakomeje kugenzura ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa mu myaka yashize, kuva ku itegeko ryo guhagarika TikTok kugeza ku kugenzura kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga hakoreshejwe chips ndetse no kubuza ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga na FCC, habayeho "guhagarika ikoranabuhanga" mu buryo buhamye, bitera igihombo gikomeye ku bagurisha benshi bambuka imipaka cyane cyane bakorera isoko rya Amerika.

By’umwihariko, icyo bita "Clean Cart Operation," gica imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa binyuze kuri interineti, ntikizatuma umubare munini w’abacuruzi bato n’abaciriritse ba 3C bakoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bishingikiriza kuri iyi "politiki" gusa, ahubwo, bitewe n’uko amategeko adasobanutse neza ndetse no kutagira ubwisanzure mu gushyira mu bikorwa amahame agenga porogaramu, aba bacuruzi bazahura n’ingaruka zitari zitezwe mu gihe kizaza. Ingaruka n’ihungabana bizaba bikomeye cyane ku bagurisha ibicuruzwa bo mu Bushinwa bambuka imipaka.

Nk’uko raporo y’amakuru yo mu 2024 yashyizwe ahagaragara ku bufatanye na Marketplace Pulse n’ibigo byinshi by’ubushakashatsi ku nganda ibivuga, abacuruzi b’Abashinwa ubu barenga 50% by’abacuruzi bakora ku rubuga rwa Amazon muri Amerika, bakaba barageze ku "bwinshi" ku isoko rinini ku isi ry’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki ku nshuro ya mbere.

Mu cyiciro cy’ingenzi cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, abagurisha b’Abashinwa bafite igipimo cyo hejuru cyane cy’abagurisha, barenga 65% by’abagurisha muri iki cyiciro, bagizwe n’ibyiciro bitandukanye, kuva ku bikoresho byo kwambara neza n’ibikoresho by’umutekano kugeza ku bikoresho bya IoT. Ibi bivuze kandi ko "Ikoreshwa ry’Igare Risukuye" rigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku byiciro aho abagurisha b’Abashinwa bafite inyungu ikomeye kuri Amazon, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye ku nyungu zabo muri rusange.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko nubwo FCC itarahagarika mu buryo butaziguye ibikoresho byose by'ikoranabuhanga bikorerwa mu Bushinwa, ahubwo ikibanda ku bikoresho bifite imikorere ihuriweho y'itumanaho n'inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bimwe mu bicuruzwa by'ibirango by'Abashinwa byarazigamwe kugeza ubu. Ariko, haracyari ingaruka mbi ku bijyanye na politiki.

Abagurisha ibi byiciro n'ibicuruzwa bagomba kuba maso cyane ku bijyanye no gukuraho ibicuruzwa ku mbuga za interineti zo muri Amerika. Iyo bikuweho, abagurisha bagomba gukora impinduka ku gihe, nko gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byangiritse ku masoko yo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya cyangwa i Burayi, kugira ngo bagabanye igihombo icyo ari cyo cyose.

Kuri iyi ngingo, "Ibikorwa bya Clean Cart" si ugutangaza politiki gusa, ahubwo bishobora no kuba impinduka zikomeye mu nganda.

Urebye ku isoko, nubwo isoko rya Amerika ari rinini, si ryo ryonyine. Amasoko ari kuzamuka nka Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, Amerika y'Epfo, n'Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati yemerwa cyane n'ibicuruzwa by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Bushinwa, imbogamizi nke zigenzurwa, kandi arimo kwiyongera cyane. Aya masoko yose akwiriye gushorwamo imari kandi akwiriye abacuruzi b'Abashinwa bashaka kwaguka mu mahanga.

Ku bagurisha benshi bambuka imipaka, bitewe n’ihungabana rikomeye riri ku isoko rya Amerika, kugira ngo ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga burambye bukomeze gukora, bagomba kugabanya buhoro buhoro ibyo bashingiraho cyane ku isoko rya Amerika no kwerekeza ibitekerezo byabo ku masoko mashya adahungabanyijwe na politiki za Amerika, nka Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Uburasirazuba, Amerika y’Epfo na Afurika. Kubaka umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi ku isi uhuza uturere kandi uhamye bizaba ingamba z’ingenzi zo kubaho mu gihe kizaza.