USA iriko irakura amamiliyoni y’ibintu vy’Abashinwa ku bitabo vyayo! Abagurisha muri iki kiciro bariko barashikirwa n'"amaraso".

Iyi nkuru yasubiwemwo ivuye kuri konti ya bose ya WeChat [Hugo Cross-Border].

Kuva mu mwaka w’2025, mu gihe amatati y’ubudandaji mpuzamakungu ariko arakomera, ubudandaji bw’abashinwa bujabuka imipaka bwaciye bugira ingorane nyinshi. Uretse ko ibiciro vyiyongera kubera amakori, amatohoza atandukanye ya Amerika, avuga ko hariho ivyerekeye "umutekano w'igihugu", na yo nyene yaragize ingaruka zikomeye ku bagurisha ibintu bajabuka imipaka.

Vuba aha, igikorwa cakozwe n’ishirahamwe ry’ivy’itumanaho ryo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (FCC) catumye hakurwaho amamiliyoni y’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’Abashinwa ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi.

I.Imiliyoni z'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none vy'abashinwa vyakuwe ku bitanda

Reuters yatangaje ko ibiro vy’umukuru wa komisiyo y’itumanaho ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Brendan Carr, vyatangaje ko amashirahamwe akomeye y’ubudandaji yo kuri internet yo muri Amerika yakuye amamiliyoni y’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’Abashinwa vyari vyabujijwe ku bitabo vyayo, mu ntumbero yo guhagarika ibikorwa vya FCC.

Mu rwego rwo gukuraho ivyo, amashirahamwe akomeye y’ubudandaji yo muri Amerika nka Amazon, eBay, na Walmart yarakuyeho ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none ku bagurisha b’Abashinwa, harimwo n’amakamera y’umutekano wo mu nzu n’amasaha y’ubwenge. Carr kandi yavuze ko ivyo bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’Abashinwa vyakuweho vyari ku rutonde rw’ibikoresho vya Amerika vyabujijwe canke ko bitaremewe n’ico kigo. FCC izotunganya kandi ama platforms y’ubudandaji kugira ngo ntibisubire gushirwa ku rutonde rw’ivyo bikoresho vyabujijwe.

Ico gikorwa ca FCC kivugwa ko kigamije amashirahamwe azwi cane y’ubuhinga bwa none mu Bushinwa nka Huawei, ZTE, Hikvision, na Dahua Technology, ivyo vyose bikaba vyaragize ico bikoze ku kugurisha kwabo muri Amerika ibintu bijanye n’ivyo.

Carr yavuze ati: "FCC yavuze ko ico gikorwa cari gishingiye ku mutekano w'igihugu ca Amerika, ivuga ko ivyo bikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none vy'Abashinwa bishobora gutata Abanyamerika, guhungabanya imihora y'itumanaho, no gutera ibindi bitero ku mutekano w'igihugu ca Amerika."

Ivyo "birego vy'ikinyoma" nta mvo bifise, yamara amashirahamwe y'Abashinwa ariko arahura n'ibihombo vyinshi kubera ivyo. Ivyo gukuraho ibintu ubu bifata amashirahamwe akomeye y’Abashinwa gusa. Hugo Cross-border, arondera amajambo y’ingenzi nka "camera" na "smartwatch" kuri Amazon US, yasanze ibintu vyinshi bigurishwa n’abagurisha b’abashinwa bikiri ku rutonde kandi bitarakurwaho.

Ivyo binyamakuru vyo mu mahanga vyavuze ko ivyo bikoresho vyakuweho vyari vyinshi, birimwo ivyiciro nk’ibikoresho vyo gucungera amasanamu (nk’amafoto, amafoto y’umutekano wa Wi-Fi, n’amafoto y’inkengeri y’umuryango); ibikoresho vy’ubwenge bishobora kwambara bifise ubushobozi bwo guhanahana amakuru (nk’amasaha y’ubwenge n’amasaha y’abana yo gukurikirana); ibikoresho vy’uruja n’uruza (nk’ibikoresho vy’uruja n’uruza bitagira amashanyarazi); n’ibikoresho bitobito (nk’ibifunguruzo vy’ubwenge vy’inzugi be n’ama interphone).

Ariko rero, igihe n’uburemere bw’ivyo bitero vya FCC ntibiramenyekana, ariko turavye ukuntu bikomeye ubu, birashoboka ko bigira ico bikoze ku bandi bacuruzi b’Abashinwa bagurisha ibintu bifitaniye isano n’ivyo.

II.Ikibazo co gukuraho urutonde ntikiratowe umuti, abagurisha barakeneye kuba maso!

Nkako, uko reta ya Amerika yakomeje gusuzuma amashirahamwe y'ubuhinga bwa none y'abashinwa mu myaka iheze, kuva ku kubuza TikTok gushika ku kugenzura ugushora hanze kw'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none no ku kubuza kwa FCC ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none, haciye habaho "uguhagarika ubuhinga" butunganye, bituma abagurisha benshi bajabuka imipaka ahanini bakorera isoko rya Amerika bahomba cane.

Cane cane, ivyo bita "Clean Cart Operation," bica ata guca ku ruhande imihora yo gukwiragiza ibintu biciye ku mbuga z'ubudandaji, ntibizotuma gusa umubare munini w'abagurisha ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga bwa none bitobito n'ibiciriye hagati bizigira ku mbuga zishobora gushikirwa n'iyi "politike," ariko kandi, kubera ukutumvikana kwinshi kw'iyi mbuga en compliance, la ingorane zo muri kazoza zitamenyekana. Ingaruka n’ugushoberwa bizoba bikomeye cane cane ku bacuruzi b’Abashinwa bajabuka imipaka.

Dushingiye kuri raporo y'amakuru yo mu 2024 yasohowe hamwe na Marketplace Pulse hamwe n'ibigo vyinshi vy'ubushakashatsi mu vy'inganda, abagurisha b'abashinwa ubu bafise ibice birenga 50% vy'abagurisha bakora ku rubuga rwa Amazon muri Amerika, bashika ku "kuganza kw'ingero" mw'isoko rinini kw'isi ry'ubudandaji bw'ubuhinga bwa none ku ncuro ya mbere.

Mu rwego rw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, abagurisha b’Abashinwa barafise mbere n’urugero rwo kwinjira rwo hejuru, bakaba ari 65% vy’abagurisha muri urwo rwego, bikaba birimwo ivyiciro vyinshi, kuva ku bikoresho vy’ubwenge vyo kwambara n’ibikoresho vy’umutekano gushika ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none. Ivyo bisigura kandi ko "Clean Cart Operation" igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku rwego aho abagurisha b'Abashinwa bafise akamaro gakomeye kuri Amazon, bikaba bitera ingorane nyinshi ku mahera yabo yose.

Birabereye kumenya ko naho FCC itabujije ata guca ku ruhande ibikoresho vyose vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyakozwe n’Abashinwa, ahubwo yibanda ku bikoresho bifise ubushobozi bwo guhanahana amakuru n’abahinguzi b’ibintu bikomeye, ibintu bimwe bimwe vy’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’Abashinwa vyarazigamye ubu. Ariko rero, ingorane zo mu vy’amategeko ziracariho.

Abagurisha ivyo bice n’ibintu bakwiye kuba maso canecane ku bijanye n’ugukuraho ibintu bishobora gukurwa ku mbuga z’ubudandaji zo muri Amerika. Iyo bikuweho, abagurisha bakwiye guhindura ibintu ku gihe, nk’ugutanga ibintu vyashikiwe n’ico kibazo ku masoko yo muri Aziya yo mu Bumanuko bushira Ubuseruko canke yo mu Buraya, kugira ngo bagabanye ivyo bashobora gutakaza.

Muri iki gihe, "Igikorwa c'Igare ry'Isuku" si igitero c'amategeko gusa; bishobora kandi guserukira uguhindura cane inganda.

Uvuye ku isoko, naho isoko rya Amerika ari rinini, si ryo ryonyene. Amasoko ariko arakura nka Aziya y’amajepfo, Amerika Latini, n’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati arafise ukwemera kwinshi kw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’Abashinwa, intambamyi z’amategeko ntake, kandi ariko aratera imbere cane. Aya masoko yose arabereye gushorwamwo amahera kandi arabereye abagurisha b’abashinwa barondera kwagura ibikorwa vyabo mu mahanga.

Ku bacuruzi benshi bajabuka imipaka, bitewe n’ukudatekana gukomeye kuri mw’isoko rya Amerika, kugira ngo bashobore gukora igihe kirekire ubucuruzi bujabuka imipaka, bategerezwa kugabanya buhoro buhoro ukwizigira cane isoko rya Amerika maze bagahindukirira amasoko ariko arakura adashikirwa n’ingingo za Amerika, nka Amerika y’Epfo na Aziya y’Uburasirazuba. Kubaka urubuga rw’ugucuruza kw’isi yose rwigenga kandi rukomeye bizoba ingamba nyamukuru zo kurokoka muri kazoza.